The following metabolic pathway involves the action of many enzymes within a cell.
Substrate 1 --> Substrate 2 --> Substrate 3 --> Product
Explain what would happen to the amount of product produced if the enzyme that acts on substrate 2 was not produced in the cell. All other enzymes at each step of the pathway are present.
Answer:
The metabolic pathway you described involves a series of chemical reactions that convert one substrate into the next substrate until the final product is formed. If the enzyme that acts on substrate 2 is not produced within the cell, the reaction that converts substrate 1 into substrate 2 would not occur. This would cause a block in the pathway, as substrate 2 would not be available for the enzyme that converts substrate 2 into substrate 3.
Explanation:
The metabolic pathway you described involves a series of chemical reactions that convert one substrate into the next substrate until the final product is formed. If the enzyme that acts on substrate 2 is not produced within the cell, the reaction that converts substrate 1 into substrate 2 would not occur. This would cause a block in the pathway, as substrate 2 would not be available for the enzyme that converts substrate 2 into substrate 3.
As a result, the amount of product produced would be severely decreased. Because of the missing enzyme, substrate 2 would not be converted into substrate 3, and subsequently, substrate 3 would not be converted into the final product. If this key enzyme is not present, the entire metabolic pathway would be halted at the step involving substrate 2, causing the cells to be unable to produce the final product and creating a bottleneck in the metabolic pathway.
It's important to remember that enzymes are catalysts, they speed up the reactions of the metabolic pathway and ensure the reactions occur at appropriate rates to support life, even a small change in the enzyme activity can affect the entire pathway and alter the final product quantity and quality.
What are 2 reasons a mutation can happen?
Viral infection, mutagen exposure, or errors in DNA replication during cell division can all lead to mutations. Viral infection, mutagen exposure, or errors in DNA replication during cell division can all result in mutations.
Changes to an organism's DNA sequence are referred to as mutations. Somatic mutations those that take place in body cells cannot be passed on to progeny, whereas germline mutations those that happen in eggs and sperm can.
When the amount or arrangement of nucleotides in a gene is altered, mutations result. A nucleotide can be doubled, deleted, altered, replaced, or any combination of these changes. In general, mutation has little to no impact, but when it does, the change may be fatal or result in disease.A beneficial mutation will rise in frequency within a population until it becomes the norm.
Learn more about mutation here:
https://brainly.com/question/17130462
#SPJ4
A boxer usually practices with a dead weight. He increases his strength and trains himself using the dead weight to fight in the real matches. The fighting practice by the boxer is like working of vaccine. Why?
In a popular online role playing game, players can create detailed designs for their character's "costumes," or appearance. Boubacar sets up a website where players can buy and sell these costumes online. Information about the number of people who visited the website and the number of costumes purchased in a single day is listed below. 120 visitors purchased no costume. 235 visitors purchased exactly one costume. 3 visitors purchased more than one costume. Based on these results, express the probability that the next person will purchase no costume as a percent to the nearest whole number.
Answer:
34%
Explanation:
120 + 235 +3 = 358
120/358= .335
.335 = 34%
Answer:
124/431
Explanation:
I'm pretty sure this right
7.
The diagram below represents the flow of energy through a food chain.
5,000 units of energy
50 units of energy
500 units of energy
5.0 units of energy
If 5,000 units of energy are available from the producers, how much energy will be available to the secondary consumers?
Science not biology
Classify each item as a first, second, or third line of defense.
First Line of Defense:
Second Line of Defense:
Third Line of Defense:
-Skin
-Mucosal membranes
-Macrophages
-Eosinophils
-Inflammation
-Fever
-Humoral immunity
-Cell-mediated immunity
-Lymphocytes
-Antibodies
Put each item into the first, second, and third category of lines of defense. The initial line of defense is made up of the skin and mucosal membranes. Macrophages serve as the second line of defense.
What is a good illustration of humoral immunity?Innate humoral immunity refers to innate immunity that is protein-based. The body's complement system, interferon, and interleukin-1 (which induces fever) are a few examples.
How does humoral immunity function?Antibody-mediated immunity is another name for homunculus immunity. B cells will develop into blood B cells, which can manufacture antibodies against a particular antigen, with the aid of helper T cells. The body's immune immune system responds to pathogen antigens that are in the environment or outside of the diseased cells.
To know more about immunity visit:
brainly.com/question/8189807
#SPJ4
Please help me, it’s due tomorrow ☹️
Thank youuu sooo muchh
Suppose the mother and father are rabbits and the offspring are also rabbits. Let's consider two traits:
Trait 1: Fur Color - Black (B) is dominant, White (b) is recessive
Trait 2: Ear Shape - Long (L) is dominant, Short (l) is recessive
Mother: BBll (homozygous dominant for fur color, homozygous recessive for ear shape)
Father: BbLl (heterozygous for fur color, heterozygous for ear shape)
Punnett Square for Trait 1: Fur Color
B | B
b | b
B | b
b | b
All offspring are heterozygous for fur color (Bb)
Punnett Square for Trait 2: Ear Shape
L | l
l | l
L | l
l | l
All offspring are heterozygous for ear shape (Ll)
How to illustrate the informationBased on the information, the mother was homozygous dominant for fur color and the father was heterozygous, so all babies are heterozygous for fur color.
The mother was homozygous recessive for ear shape and the father was heterozygous, so all babies are heterozygous for ear shape.
Learn more about Punnet Square on:
https://brainly.com/question/3522181
#SPJ1
What happens to green light when it hits a plant leaf?
Explanation:
When light strikes a leaf, it can be absorbed by, reflected from or transmitted through the leaf. Plants appear green because they reflect and transmit slightly more green light than they do blue or red light. Chlorophyll also absorbs green light poorly. For these reasons, green light is sometimes stated as not being useful to plants for photosynthesis. However, green light is still moderately effective since other pigments absorb the light and make it useful for photosynthesis. A more correct statement is that, generally, green light is less efficient at stimulating photosynthesis than blue or red light. In some situations, the greater reflection and transmittance of green light by leaves can be desirable. Green light can better penetrate a plant canopy and thus reach lower leaves. This can, in theory at least, reduce lower-leaf loss. However, few LED arrays contain green LEDs because they are less efficient than blue and red LEDs from both an electrical and plant response perspective.
How much power is needed to hammer in a nail when you apply 300 N of force and the nail moves a distance of 5cm? (The hammer is nailed in 34 seconds)
Answer: According To my Knowledge if u apply 500 N Force And atleast 2cm Or around 38 Seconds
Explanation:
Did this help?
plantas de herbolaria mexicana que usamos para calmar problemas digestivos??
AYUDA ES PA HOY
HELP I NEED HELP ASAP HELP I NEED HELP ASAP HELP I NEED HELP ASAP HELP I NEED HELP ASAP
HELP I NEED HELP ASAP HELP I NEED HELP ASAP HELP I NEED HELP ASAP HELP I NEED HELP ASAP
Answer: D. Warm and humid
Explanation:
Just know
Answer:
Warm and Humid (D)
Explanation:
im nervous on that one becasue humid also means hot but like wind so yeah
PLEASE HELP ASAP PLEASE!!
Answer:
B
Explanation:
The answer is B I think
Am not too sure but I think it is B
The formation of sinkholes has become a fairly common phenomenon in the state of Florida. Most sinkholes are small, but some sinkholes have led to catastrophic property damage and loss of life. One September day in 1999, folks began to notice that Lake Jackson in the panhandle region was shrinking. Within a few days, it was almost gone. A sinkhole had opened beneath the lake and drained it, along with all of the fish and alligators. Another sinkhole formed just 10 miles from Walt Disney World® in August 2013, swallowing a 48-unit villa at Summer Bay Resort®. As aquifers lose water, their substrates can become weaker and less capable of supporting overlying strata and any human structures built upon them. In such cases, the land surface above may subside. Sometimes subsidence can occur locally and suddenly, in the form of sinkholes, areas where the ground gives way with little warning. Once the ground subsides, soil becomes compacted, losing the porosity that enabled it to hold water. Recharging a depleted aquifer may therefore become more difficult.
Sinkholes can occur when ________.
-too much weight above an aquifer causes it to cave in
-excessive water use lowers a water table and weakens the substrate
-nonconsumptive use lowers an aquifer
-the water in an artesian aquifer is under sufficient pressure -that it breaks through to the surface
-the water level in an aquifer rises, pushing through to the surface
Answer:
Sinkholes can occur when excessive water use lowers a water table and weakens the substrate.
Explanation:
There are various causes for sinkholes, but all are related to water and how this can affect the soil. One of the causes of sinkholes is the excessive use of water. Excessive use lowers the volume of water in aquifers. As a consequence, the substrates that are above the aquifer change. They can not support large amounts of weight, leading to a sinkhole and soil with low permeability.
Which of the following are dwarf planets? Check all that apply.
Ceres
Namaka
Eris
Charon
Haumea
Makemake
Pluto
Answer:
Other guy is right
Explanation:
i got 100
What are two ways that reproduction happens in living organisms?
There are two techniques by which living things imitate, agamic or sexual.
Transcriptional regulators bind most frequently at the ______ site of DNA. A) major groove. B) minor groove. C) histone complex. D) primary supercoil.
Answer:Major groove
Explanation:
Transcriptional regulators bind most frequently at the major groove of DNA. The major groove is a wider, more accessible groove on the surface of the DNA helix, while the minor groove is narrower and deeper. Transcriptional regulators, which are proteins that bind to DNA and regulate gene expression, often bind to specific sequences of DNA in the major groove to modulate the transcription of particular genes. A histone complex is a group of proteins that helps package the DNA into a compact structure called chromatin, while the primary supercoil is a twisted, spiral structure that forms when DNA is wrapped around histones.
For more reference of DNA refer,
https://brainly.ph/question/9390728
Item 12 Which organisms belong to the Kingdom Planta? Select the two correct answers. A. lichens B. fern C. virus D. moss
Part J: Relate Human Activity and Biodiversity
Do you think building eco-friendly homes that reduce greenhouse gas emissions could have positive effects on biodiversity? Explain your reasoning.
Yes, eco-friendly homes can reduce greenhouse gas emissions and have positive effects on biodiversity.
How do eco-friendly homes affect biodiversity?Biodiversity refers to the variety of living organisms, that are found in any ecosystem. During the development of the human lifestyle, there is a major loss of biodiversity is observed.
Nowadays, biodiversity is lost rapidly as a result of civilization, and different species of living organisms are becoming extinct because of pollution, habitat loss, invasive species, overuse, etc.
Therefore, eco-friendly homes that reduce greenhouse gas, by using natural things could have positive effects on biodiversity.
Learn more about biodiversity, here:
https://brainly.com/question/28759659
#SPJ1
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a recessive, sex-linked disorder carried on the X chromosome. If a woman who is a carrier of DMD and a man without the disorder have children, which outcome is possible?
a. All of their sons and half of their daughters could have DMD.
b. Half of their sons and half of their daughters could have DMD.
c.Half of their sons and none of their daughters could have DMD.
d. None of their sons and half of their daughters could have DMD.
Answer:
C. Half of their sons and none of their daughters could have DMD.
Explanation:
DMD is a recessive disorder carried on the X chromosome and it is sex-linked. This means that the gene for DMD is located on the X chromosome and it affects mostly males.
If a woman is a carrier of DMD, it means that she has one copy of the mutated gene and one normal copy, and she does not show any symptoms of the disorder.
If a man without the disorder has children with this carrier woman, half of their sons will inherit the mutated X chromosome from the mother. Therefore, they will have the disorder and half of their sons could have DMD.
Since, Females have two X chromosomes, and therefore, if a daughter inherits the mutated X chromosome from the mother, the second X chromosome will be normal which will help in compensating the effects of the mutant one, hence they will be carrier of the disorder but will not show any symptoms. So none of their daughters could have DMD.
So, the outcome is: C. Half of their sons and none of their daughters could have DMD.
Answer:D
Explanation:
I think it is D because only the mother had it and not the father. I don't think the father could get DMD through sex either. So I think that none of their sons and half the daughters could have DMD because they inherited it from the mother.
Why did the author call it as an uneventful chronicle?
Answer:The author called it an uneventful chronicle because of the couple who most unwisely sacrificed for each other the greatest treasures of their house.
Explanation: This is not biology
If a grain of the average apple tree pollen has 17 chromosomes and is used to pollinate an ovule, then the resulting apple seed will contain
Apple seeds produced from pollen have 17 chromosomes, so these seeds will contain 34 chromosomes.
Seeds are embryonic plants that are covered with a protective coating on the outside. Seed formation is part of the reproductive process in seed plants, namely spermatophytes.
Inside the seed, there is an embryo formed from the meeting between the male gamete (stamen) and the female gamete (pollen). The embryo has its position inside the seed, precisely at the core of the seed, and is surrounded by existing food reserves.
Because the seeds come from the meeting of 2 gametes, the number of chromosomes is 34, half of the male parent and half of the female parent.
Learn more about sex chromosomes at https://brainly.com/question/23541481
#SPJ4
3.3.2 Test (CST): Planet Earth
Question 3 of 10
Which two terms apply to continental crust rather than oceanic crust?
A. Darker in color
B. Less dense
C. Older in age
D. Thinner
Less dense and Darker in color are two terms apply to continental crust rather than oceanic crust.
The both option are correct A and B.
What is a characteristic of oceanic crust?When compared towards the continental crust, the oceanic lithosphere is thin, relatively young, simpler, and chemically richer in magnesium. The oceanic lithosphere is the chilled and crystallised melt fraction that results from the magmatism of the mantle there at semi ridges.
How does the oceanic crust function?At subduction zones, the oceanic crust is forced back into the mantle, causing this process to happen. At mid-ocean divides and volcanic hotspots, new crust in the form of volcanic rock is created when old oceanic plate is submerged and melts into magma.
To know more about Oceanic crust visit:
https://brainly.com/question/29994956
#SPJ1
Please Help it's for midterm review notes
In general, hydrolysis is calculated as carbohydrates Polymer + Water Monomer + Monomer. Two amino acids through a condensation reaction form a peptide. Hydrophobic compounds can't be dissolved in water or combined with it.
What are carbohydrates and amino acids?A covalent link is formed between the carboxyl carbon of one amino acid and the amine nitrogen of the second amino acid when two amino acids mix in a condensation process.
Hydrolysis is the term for the digestive process. These lengthy sugar chains, or polymers, are disassembled into their constituent monomers during hydrolysis.
Therefore, a compound known as a dipeptide is created when amino acids come together.
Learn more about carbohydrates, here:
https://brainly.com/question/14230826
#SPJ1
What are 4 sister chromatids called?
Answer:
The answer to this might be tetrad.
Explanation:
Is calico an example of Codominance?
Calico is a coat color found in cats that is caused by sex-linked co-dominant alleles.
The calico cat displays a mixed color of red and black, depending on which of her two X chromosomes is inactivated. The allele that codes for orange hair color is dominant, while the black color allele is recessive. In cats, the X chromosome carries the gene that determines coat color, and calico cats have two different versions (or alleles) of this gene. One allele produces orange fur, the other produces black fur.
Codominance actually means that neither allele can block or camouflage the expression of the other allele. Co-dominance can also occur in less obvious traits such as blood type.
For more information on calico cat , visit :
https://brainly.com/question/22333643
#SPJ4
How are genes passed from parent to children?
The male and female gametes contain half sets of genes which combine to form a zygote which develops into a fetus. Thus the genes in children are passed through gametes from the parents.
An egg from the mother and sperm from the father combine to form a fetus. As a result, half of the baby's DNA comes from the mother and half from the father.
The genetic information required for the proteins is encoded in the DNA. There are various genes that code for different proteins. But all the genes do not code for their respective proteins at the same time, they are regulated by a mechanism that can switch the gene on and off as required. This is called gene regulation. This regulation results in the production of products by a pacific gene and is called gene expression.
To know more about genes click here,
https://brainly.com/question/8832859
#SPJ4
How do you rule a X-linked recessive pedigree?
Ruling a X-linked recessive pedigree involves analyzing the family history and pattern of inheritance of a trait or disorder to determine if it is likely to be inherited in an X-linked recessive pattern.
The disorder can be identified by:
Construct a pedigree by gathering information about the family history of the trait or disorder. Identify the pattern of inheritance by analyzing the transmission of the trait or disorder within the family. X-linked recessive disorders typically show a pattern of transmission in which affected males are only found in the direct line of descent from a female carrier. If the disorder is only found in males and not females, or if it is found mostly in males, it could be X-linked recessive.Exclude other possible modes of inheritance. Confirm the mode of inheritance by performing genetic testing. Genetic tests such as DNA sequencing or linkage analysis can be used to identify the specific genetic mutation causing the disorder in affected family members. Identify the specific gene mutation. With the help of genetic testing and linkage mapping it's possible to identify the specific gene and the mutation that causes the disorder.To know more about Pedigree analysis, click here,
brainly.com/question/14525981
#SPJ4
Foxes can be red or silver, have different shaped teeth and hunt in different ways. These differences are examples of Group of answer choices species traits variations selections
Foxes can be red or silver, have different shaped teeth and hunt in different ways.These differences are examples of variations.
Any difference in cells, individuals, or populations of organisms of any species that may be attributed to genetic differences (genotypic variation) or to the influence of environmental conditions on the manifestation of genetic potentials is referred to as variation in biology (phenotypic variation).
Genetic variation refers to individual differences that are passed down from parents, such as eye, hair, and skin colour.
Environmental variation, which includes scars and tattoos, refers to individual variances that are not inherited but rather result from the environment in which the organism lives.
Genetic and environmental variance refers to individual variability in traits like height and weight that are influenced by both genetic and environmental variables.
Learn more about phenotypic variation from:
https://brainly.com/question/17598399
#SPJ4
Why are rapidly growing populations an issue?
A . They utilize resources faster then they can replenish
B. They overwhelm water purification plants.
C. They spread out over vast areas of land turning farms and habitat into housing.
D . All of the above .
Which is not part of a community infrastructure?
A. Public water supply
B. Arable land
C. Power plants
D. Sewer lines
In this century , the world population is likely to..
A. Stop growing
B. Begin to slowly decline
C. Continue to slowly grow
D. Continue to rapidly grow .
Which is not a strategy to reduce population size?
A. Public advertising
B. Economic incentives
C. Legal punishments
D. Limiting education for women
or
Scientists theorize that all life started with simple prokaryotic organisms. New species continue to evolve
from existing species, creating the variety of life we see today. The following diagram shows the basic
process.
fungi
(oukaryotic,
unicellular,
multicellular)
protista
(eukaryotic,
uni-or
multicellular)
eubacteria
(prokaryotic,
unicellular)
animalia
(eukaryotic
multicellular)
universal
ancestor
plantae
(eukaryotic
multicellular)
archaebacteria
(prokaryotic,
unicellular)
Based on this diagram, do you think that organisms of the same order will share a stronger evolutionary
relationship than organisms that share only the same phylum? Explain your reasoning using the results of
your investigation.
The evolutionary relationship is stronger the more similarity. The taxonomical hierarchy's lower levels show more similarity. Thus, the organisms of the same species exhibit the greatest degree of similarity.
What is taxonomical hierarchy's?Taxonomic hierarchy is an organizational structure used to classify or categorize living organisms.
Of course, organisms that belong to the same order will have a closer evolutionary bond than those that belong to the same phylum alone. Taxonomy groups organisms in various ways, as we all are aware. Kingdoms are the highest level of classification, followed by phyla, classes, orders, families, and species. The similarities between organisms will become more specific with each succeeding unit. In other words, when organisms are further subclassified, they share similar traits.
The order of organisms belonging to the same phylum is not required. The class, phylum, and kingdom of any two organisms from the same order, however, will always be the same.
For instance, the cockroach order Blattodea and the human order Primates. These two belong to the phylum chordata. But we are aware of the differences between cockroaches and people.
However, another member of the primate order, such as the monkey and the chimpanzee, have stronger evolutionary ties to humans and share more traits with them.
Therefore, the evolutionary relationship is stronger the more similarity. The taxonomical hierarchy's lower levels show more similarity. Thus, the organisms of the same species exhibit the greatest degree of similarity.
To learn more about taxonomical hierarchy's
https://brainly.com/question/1304906
#SPJ1