Why is important to use the correct bacteria as a host when completing the plaque assay?.

Answers

Answer 1

Explanation:

It's important to use hard agar with soft agar overlay because The hard agar underneath the soft agar overlay is where you make a lawn streak of your bacteria.

Answer 2

It's important to use hard agar with soft agar overlay because The hard agar underneath the soft agar overlay is where you make a lawn streak of your bacteria.

What is plaque assay?

A trusted technique for determining viral concentration in relation to infectious dose is the plaque assay. In order to perform the test, a monolayer of virus-infected cells must be counted to determine how many plaque forming units (pfu) were generated.

When a virus-infected cell lyses, plaques form, which trigger a cycle of surrounding cell lysis and infection. Crystal violet staining of the preserved cell monolayer allows for the visualization of plaques. 

The plaque assay was initially created as a virological assay to count and measure bacteriophage infectivity. Later, it was used to count viruses that infect mammals as well.

The technique's fundamental premise is to assess a single infectious virus' capacity to develop a "plaque" on a confluent monolayer culture of cells.

Therefore, It's important to use hard agar with soft agar overlay because The hard agar underneath the soft agar overlay is where you make a lawn streak of your bacteria.

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Related Questions

What does a blade of grass look like under a microscope?.

Answers

This is what a blade of grass looks like under a microscope, this is real! Look it up!

Not sure if you just wanted a diagram or smthn, sorry if this isn’t what you were looking for.

NEED HELP ASAP!!!!
The process of DNA replication requires the
help of several enzymes.
What does the enzyme DNA telomerase do
during the process of DNA replication?
A. Proofreads the nitrogenous bases
B. unwinds the DNA helix at the start of replication
C. Adds a tail to the DNA strand at the end of replication

Answers

Answer:  B

Explanation: I do apologise if I got this wrong

extends the ends by copying the RNA template and extending one end of the chromosome. DNA polymerase can then extend the DNA using the primer. In this way, the ends of the chromosomes are protected. and or One of the key molecules in DNA replication is the enzyme DNA polymerase. DNA polymerases are responsible for synthesizing DNA: they add nucleotides one by one to the growing DNA chain, incorporating only those that are complementary to the template.

A patient has a history of poor nutrition. he has skin rashes, bleeding gums, and a cut that hasn’t healed in a long time. what vitamin deficiency most likely caused these symptoms? a. vitamin a b. vitamin b6 c. vitamin b12 d. vitamin c e. vitamin e

Answers

A lack of any one of several vitamins — B12, folate (also known as folic acid), or vitamin C — causes vitamin deficiency anemia.

So the answer is D.

Which phase of the cell cycle takes the most amount of time?.

Answers

Answer:

Interphase

Explanation:

what is assimilation and egestion?​

Answers

Answer:

Assimilation: The process of nutrients being absorbed by each cell of the body in the form of energy. Egestion: Secretion of waste, unwanted and excess substances from the body after food the as been digestion.

Explanation:

When a person becomes infected with the influenza virus, cell-mediated immunity is activated. Why would the influenza virus initiate cell-mediated immunity? Describe the process of cell-mediated immunity as it would attack the influenza virus.

Answers

Cell-mediated immune reaction involve the destruction of infected cells by cytotoxic T cells, or the ruin of intracellular pathogens by macrophages The activation of naive T cells in reaction to antigen, and their subsequent expansions and differentiation, constitutes a primary immune response.

How does the influenza virus attack the cells?

The viruses connect to cells within the nasal routes and throat. The influenza virus's hemagglutinin (HA) surface proteins then lash to the sialic acid receptors on the surface of a human respiratory tract cell.

Thus, Cell-mediated immune reaction involve the destruction of infected cells by cytotoxic T cells, or the ruin of intracellular pathogens by macrophages.

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How do finches recognize members of their own species?.

Answers

Answer:

By the way they look and the songs they sing. How was sorting finches by song? All the finches sing a simular song but you can hear differences and sort them by species.

What is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?.

Answers

Answer:

GABA or gamma-aminobutyric acid is the most important of the inhibitory neurotransmitters in the nervous system. It is the most abundant of them, and it is distributed throughout the brain and spinal cord.

Explanation:

How a power plant will affect the environment?

Answers

Answer:

A nuclear power plant will affect an enviorment by releasing all that nuclear smoke out of the plant and they are dangerous if something goes wrong.

Explanation:

They have bad chemicals and release it in the air.

What would happen if a cell divides before DNA replication is completed?

Answers

If cells don't replicate their DNA or don't do it completely, the daughter cell will end up with no DNA or only part of the DNA. This cell will likely die.
Daughter cells would receive
incomplete genetic information, but
would regain lost information in the G1
phase. Daughter cells would receive
incomplete genetic information, but
would regain lost information in the S
phase. Daughter cells would contain all
genes of the parent cell, but would not
function normally. Daughter cells
would receive incomplete genetic
information and never regain it, and
they may not survive

Relate the greenhouse effect shown in the
figure to global warming and the carbon
cycle. How do humans impact this
relationship?

Answers

The greenhouse effect is the trapping of gases in a planets lower atmosphere, causing the planet's temperature to increase over periods of time.

Global warming, or climate change, is usually referred to the human-reduced warming of the Earth.

The carbon cycle is the biogeochemical cycle where carbon is exchanged among the biosphere(the regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the Earth), the pedosphere(Earth's soil mantle), geosphere(the almost spherical concentric regions of matter that make up the Earth's atmosphere), hydrosphere(the water on the Earths surface), and atmosphere(a layer of gas or gases that envelope a planet).

Humans impact this relationship by using fossil fuels daily. Fossil fuels put carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Our use of limestone to make things such as concrete and our changing land use also impacts this relationship.

1: Energy is conserved in ecosystems. true/false
2:Matter is conserved in ecosystems true/false
3:Large carbon compounds can be formed from small carbon compounds true/false
4:Cellular respiration happens in the chloroplasts.true/false

Answers

Answer:

what happens inside a nucleus in interphase

Answer:

1.true

2.true

3.false

4.true

Explanation:

hope this help

(*^▽^*)

Which body parts perform similar functions in different organisms?(A)gills and lungs (B)liver and lungs (C)gills and exoskeleton (D)liver and exoskeleton

Answers

I think d would be the answer liver and exoskeleton

What is a medulla? What do forensic scientists use this for?

Answers

Answer:

the inward district of an organ or tissue, particularly when it is unmistakable from the external area or cortex (as in a kidney, an adrenal organ, or hair).

"the adrenal medulla produces adrenaline"

What do legal researchers involve this for? Scientific researchers might search for the presence or nonappearance of a medulla, which is a bunch of cells that goes through a hair. The medulla is ordinarily unique relying upon the species that the hair came from, which makes it one method for recognizing creature and human hair.

A medulla is the inner region of an organ or tissue the forensic scientist use it for they use it to find where hair comes from
And to distinguish between animal and human hair

For your answer, list the genotypes, phenotypes and % chance of each.

Answers

I attached the worksheet with the answer

Note it should be Yellow wings and white wings, not just yellow and white

Why do conservation efforts focus on biodiversity hotspots?.

Answers

Answer:

hi

Explanation:

By focusing efforts on the total number of species, they allow conservationists to avoid the hard science required to decide which species matter most to ecosystems and the hard choices required to decide which species matter most to us.

Besides a radio signal, what would you use to rescue people buried in an avalanche?​

Answers

Answer:

avalanche transceivers are devices that actively transmit and search for an electronic signal at a limited range. They are specifically designed to locate victims buried by avalanches and are generally regarded as the fastest way to find someone in a full burial. Because of this, they are typically listed first in the three avalanche rescue items skiers need when venturing into the backcountry: transceiver, shovel, probe.

Explanation:

hope this helps

Why are plant cells and animal cells shaped differently?.

Answers

ANSWER:
plant cell have cell wall which gives the plant structure to stand. Plants also have chloroplast which is photosynthesis that makes food for us

In sunflowers, being too short means not getting enough sunlight, and growing too tall means getting blown around by the wind. Which type of Natural Selection does this show? You must also explain why you choose it.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:Also, sunflowers planted in a garden can die because of one reason or another. If you notice that your sunflower is dying, here are some of the ways that

Sunflowers: How to Plant, Grow, and Care for sunflowers

Apr 15, 2022 · Sunflowers should be planted 1 to 1-1/2 inches deep and about 6 inches apart after the soil has thoroughly warmed. If you wish, you can plant multiple seeds and thin them to the strongest contenders when the plants are six inches tall. Give plants plenty of room, especially for low-growing varieties that will branch out.

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How to Grow Sunflowers (& Common Mistakes To Avoid ...

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Oct 04, 2021 · Sizes range from dwarf types (1 to 2-feet tall) to mammoths (8 to 15 feet).The world record for sunflower height is currently 30 feet! Flower sizes can be a few inches and up to 20-inches in diameter.; Flower colors: white, pale yellow, yellow, bright yellow, orange, bronze, rust, dark red, and bi-colored varieties. Appearance and texture: long petals, short petals, fluffy, …

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Apr 15, 2022 · Sunflowers should be planted 1 to 1-1/2 inches deep and about 6 inches apart after the soil has thoroughly warmed. If you wish, you can plant multiple seeds and thin them to the strongest contenders when the plants are six inches tall. Give plants plenty of room, especially for low-growing varieties that will branch out.

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No single neuron receives input from both eyes until the A. magnocellular layer. B. striate cortex. C. parvocellular layer. D. LGN. E. parietal lobe.

Answers

No single neuron receives input from both eyes until it is allows by the striate cortex.

What is striate cortex?

The striate cortex is the part of the visual cortex that is involved in processing visual information. The striate cortex is the first part of cortical visual area that receives information or input from the lateral geniculate nucleus in the thalamus.

So we can conclude that no neuron receives input from both eyes until it is allows by the striate cortex.

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An increase in the number of phytoplankton in an aquatic ecosystem is always beneficial. Please select the best answer from the choices provided T F

Answers

Answer:

the answer is F

Explanation:

i just took the test and got it right

Answer:

False

Explanation:

trusttttt

What hormone, produced in the anterior pituitary gland, works in conjunction with gonadal steroids to promote bone development in males?

Answers

The hormone, produced in the anterior pituitary gland, and works in to promote bone development in males is the Luteinizing hormone.

What hormone, produced in the anterior pituitary gland, works in conjunction with gonadal steroids to promote bone development in males?

Generally, Hormones are simply defined as chemical runners in your body, there to aid circulation.

In conclusion, The Luteinizing hormone works in conjunction with gonadal steroids to promote bone development in males

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When two aqueous solutions that differ in solute concentration are placed on either side of a semipermeable membrane and osmosis is allowed to take place, the water will.

Answers

Answer:

The water will move via osmosis to the side of the semipermeable membrane containing the more concentrated aqueous solution.

This movement of water will continue either until the concentrations on both sides of the membrane are equal or until the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the water column on the more concentrated side is large enough to oppose the movement of water by osmosis.

Which part of the brain is associated with conscious thought, memory, and personality?.

Answers

Answer:

The Cerebral Cortex.

Along with butterflies, what other insects are in the order lepidoptera?.

Answers

Answer:

moths and skippers...

Explanation:

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The hormone made by adipose tissue that promotes satiety and a sense of fullness, thus reducing appetite is called

Answers

Liptin is the hormone made by adipose tissue that promotes satiety and a sense of fullness which reducing appetite.

What is liptin?

Leptin is a hormone which is made up of adipose cells that helps to regulate energy balance by inhibiting hunger which in turn reduces fat storage in adipocytes.

So we can conclude that Liptin is the hormone made by adipose tissue that promotes satiety and a sense of fullness which reducing appetite.

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In a river ecosystem, dissolved oxygen concentrations drop quickly downstream from a point-source input of organic matter into the river. This effect is due to

Answers

Answer:

increasing bacterial activity as organic matter decays

Explanation:

that would be your answer

Dissolved oxygen concentrations drop quickly downstream from a point-source input of organic matter into the river due to the breakdown of organic compounds by bacteria.

What is dissolved oxygen?The amount of oxygen dissolved in water is known as dissolved oxygen (DO). The atmosphere and aquatic vegetation provide oxygen to water bodies. Running water, such as a fast-moving stream, dissolves more oxygen than still water, such as that found in a pond or lake.

Why does DO concentrations drop quickly downstream?The river's upstream environment is often cold and harsh, preventing organic life from flourishing. However, as you proceed downstream, the riverine environment normally becomes a little calmer, allowing for more oxygen-consuming river life like bacteria, which degrade and absorb oxygen as they are swept downstream producing organic products.A high organic content in water decreases the amount of dissolved oxygen in water.

hence the DO is reduced in downstream due to breaking down of bacterial products.

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Which is it? 1, 2, 3, or 4

Answers

I am not quite sure but I think that it might be # 4. heterotrophic cell

Hope this helps :))

not easily broken down in the environment

Answers

Answer:

Something not easily broken down in biology is referring to a persistent pesticide.

During anaphase, part of the _____________ can be seen attached to the centromere of each sister chromatid as they separate.

Answers

mitotic spindle is the answer

During anaphase mitotic spindle is attached at the centromere of each sister chromatid because it attaches the chromosome to the opposite spindle pole.

What is the mitotic spindle?

Protein complexes connect microtubules to the chromosomal midpoint (the centromere) (kinetochores). The connected microtubules depolymerize and shorten, causing movement that pushes chromosomes toward centrosomes situated at either pole of the cell.

The mitotic spindle is a structure that separates the chromosomes. The mitotic spindle is composed of multiple long proteins known as microtubules that are connected to a chromosome at one end and to the cell pole at the other.

The anaphase stage in the cell cycle prepares to spare sister chromatids reday for moves it toward the opposite spindle pole.

Therefore mitotic spindle is seen centromere of each sister chromatid as they separate and move toward the spindle pole.

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