The an example of shaping is Option B.reinforcing gradual approximations to lever..
What is Reinforcement of behavior?Reinforcement of behavior refers to the process of strengthening a behavior by providing a consequence that follows the behavior. In other words, reinforcement is a consequence that increases the likelihood of a behavior being repeated in the future.
Reinforcement can be positive or negative. Positive reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus, such as a reward or praise, after a behavior, while negative reinforcement involves removing an aversive stimulus, such as a loud noise or unpleasant task, after a behavior.
For example, if a child receives praise and a piece of candy for completing their homework, they may be more likely to complete their homework in the future. If a driver puts on their seatbelt to stop the annoying beep, they may be more likely to put on their seatbelt in the future.
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a newly divorced parent of two children reports working full-time and returning to school to obtain a higher degree. he or she says it is difficult to meet the demands of life. which role performance difficulty is this client experiencing?
The client is experiencing a role overload difficulty, which occurs when an individual takes on too many roles or responsibilities, leading to stress and difficulty in meeting demands. In this case, the individual is juggling the roles of a divorced parent, a full-time employee, and a student pursuing higher education simultaneously.
These roles may compete for the individual's time, energy, and resources, making it challenging to perform each role effectively. The stress resulting from role overload can negatively affect an individual's physical and mental well-being, work performance, and family relationships.
Strategies such as prioritizing responsibilities, delegating tasks, and setting realistic expectations can help to alleviate the stress associated with role overload.
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quora if you could plan and lead a semester-long college seminar, what academic topic would you choose
If I were to plan and lead a semester-long college seminar, I would choose the topic of "Artificial Intelligence and its Impact on Society." Artificial intelligence is a subject that is becoming increasingly relevant in our daily lives. AI technologies are influencing the way we live, work, and interact with each other.
Furthermore, AI is causing changes that will have a significant impact on our future. In this seminar, we will explore the many ways in which AI is impacting society, including its effect on the job market, privacy, security, and ethics. Additionally, we will examine current AI technologies, their limitations, and future developments.
In addition to exploring the technical aspects of AI, we will also examine the social and ethical implications of AI. The seminar will be open to students from all majors and will provide an opportunity for students to gain knowledge and develop skills in a rapidly growing and important field.
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After the Great Depression, empirical studies began to indicate that effects from mass media were not as powerful as originally thought. The view shifted from a powerful effects model to one ofO Public Opinion
O Limited EffectsO Public concernO fright reaction
After the Great Depression, empirical studies started to reveal that the effects of mass media were not as strong as previously believed. This led to a shift in perspective from a powerful effects model to a limited effects model in the study of mass media influence on public opinion.
The powerful effects model suggested that mass media had a significant and direct impact on public opinion, creating a "hypodermic needle" effect where media messages would be injected into the minds of the audience, causing immediate and uniform reactions. However, as more research was conducted, it became clear that this was not the case.
The limited effects model emerged as a more accurate representation of the relationship between mass media and public opinion. This model acknowledges that mass media does have some influence on public opinion, but this influence is not as strong as previously thought. limited effects model posits that individual factors such as personal beliefs, social context, and previous experiences play a crucial role. Correct answer is "Limited Effects"
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6US state flags which include circles in their design (draw a picture of the flags)
The 6 US state flags which include circles in their design are Alabama, California, Kansas, Maine, Oregon and South Dakota
The first flag is the flag of Alabama, which features a red St. Andrew's cross on a white background. In the center of the cross is a circular representation of the state seal, which features a bald eagle and a shield with a map of Alabama.
The second flag is the flag of California, which features a white field with a red stripe along the bottom and a grizzly bear facing left in the center. The bear is surrounded by a red circle and the words "California Republic" in capital letters.
The third flag is the flag of Kansas, which features a blue field with the state seal in the center. The seal is surrounded by a sunflower and the words "Kansas" above the seal and "Ad Astra Per Aspera" below the seal in capital letters.
The fourth flag is the flag of Maine, which features a blue field with the state coat of arms in the center. The coat of arms is surrounded by a white circle and the words "Dirigo" in capital letters.
The fifth flag is the flag of Oregon, which features a navy blue field with a gold design in the center. The design includes the state seal surrounded by 33 stars and a banner with the words "State of Oregon" above the seal.
Finally, the sixth flag is the flag of South Dakota, which features a light blue field with the state seal surrounded by a yellow sun with 12 rays. The seal is surrounded by the words "State of South Dakota" and "The Mount Rushmore State" in capital letters.
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a content-based esl teacher is writing a lesson about natural resources. while developing her lesson for the english language learners in her class, she knows certain things cannot be compromised. what does she need to keep in mind when creating the lesson?
They have a variety of educational backgrounds and experiences, and I discuss with her ESL instructor how we can best support her in learning science with them.
What is instruction in content-based ESL?The ESL-certified instructor offers language training that use material as a vehicle for developing language abilities under the approach of content-based ESL instruction. This methodology aims to prepare children for academic success goals while helping them improve their English language skills.
What is the content-based teaching approach?The phrase "Content-Based Instruction" (CBI) is a technique of teaching second languages where the courses are organized around the knowledge or skills that the students will gain instead of a linguistic or other type of curriculum.
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Four ways in which a strong career portfolio could help a women become employed in a men dominated career
When it comes to building a successful career in male-dominated fields, having a strong career portfolio is crucial for women. A career portfolio is a compilation of one's education, work experience, achievements, and skills that illustrate their abilities to potential employers.
Here are four ways in which a strong career portfolio could help a woman become employed in a male-dominated career.
1. Illustrating skills: In male-dominated fields, it can be challenging to stand out as a candidate. However, a strong career portfolio that emphasizes skills and qualifications can make a candidate more desirable. It's vital to showcase skills that are relevant to the job position you are applying for.
2. Demonstrating competence: A strong career portfolio can demonstrate competence by showing a candidate's work experience and academic qualifications. It can show potential employers that the candidate has the necessary education, experience, and knowledge to succeed in the position.
3. Demonstrating Accomplishments: Employers want to hire candidates who can get results. By emphasizing past accomplishments, a career portfolio can demonstrate how a candidate's skills and experience can be used to benefit the employer. It can also help the candidate stand out from other applicants.
4. Setting a candidate apart: In male-dominated fields, women often struggle to get noticed. However, a strong career portfolio can help set a candidate apart from others. It can help demonstrate why the candidate is the best person for the job and help them stand out in a competitive job market. Therefore, a strong career portfolio is essential for women looking to break into male-dominated fields.
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17. Why role did the Zimmerman Telegram lay in the U.S declaration of war during World War I? What kind
of feelings did the Zimmerrhan telegram evoke out of the Americans? Read page 2 of Lesson 5 and Access
Topic 12.5: Entering the War in American History textbook. Read The U.S. Moves Toward War and Preparing
for War
Answer:
It envoked anger. The Americans declared war to ensure they wouldnt be invaded by Mexico.
Explanation:
keanu has bipolar disorder. which is not a behavior one would expect during one of his manic episodes?
Keanu has bipolar disorder, which can involve episodes of mania.
During a manic episode, one might experience extreme elation, irritability, and heightened energy. However, some behaviors are not typically associated with a manic episode, such as suiccidal thoughts, difficulty sleeping, extreme fatigue, and frequent crying.
Mania can lead to reckless behavior, such as excessive spending, impulsive decisions, and promiscuous behavior.
However, it is important to note that not everyone with bipolar disorder experiences mania, and the symptoms can vary. Therefore, it is important to understand the individual experiences of someone with bipolar disorder to fully appreciate how it impacts them.
In conclusion, behaviors such as suiccidal thoughts, difficulty sleeping, extreme fatigue, and frequent crying are not typically associated with a manic episode in someone with bipolar disorder. Therefore, these behaviors should not be expected during a manic episode.
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fter failing 5 times in the second level civil service exams, liu dapeng (the main character in a man awakened from dreams) turned to what? (he eventually did pass the provincial exams on his sixth attempt.)
After failing five times in the second level civil service exams, Liu Dapeng, the main character in "A Man Awakened from Dreams" by Lu Xun, turned to self-study and self-improvement.
He realized that his previous approach to studying had been focused solely on memorization, and that he needed to improve his critical thinking skills and develop a deeper understanding of the subject matter.
Liu Dapeng's turning point came when he read a book by a famous scholar that emphasized the importance of understanding the underlying principles and concepts of the subject matter, rather than just memorizing facts and figures.
This inspired Liu Dapeng to change his study habits and focus on developing a deeper understanding of the material.
He also sought out the guidance of a mentor who had passed the exams and was able to provide him with valuable insights and advice. With this new approach to studying and the support of his mentor, Liu Dapeng eventually passed the provincial exams on his sixth attempt.
Liu Dapeng's experience illustrates the importance of perseverance and self-improvement in the face of failure. Rather than giving up or continuing to repeat the same A strategy, he was able to reflect on his shortcomings and develop a new approach that allowed him to achieve his goals.
This message is particularly relevant in today's society, where the pressure to succeed can be overwhelming, and the fear of failure can prevent individuals from pursuing their dreams.
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social identity refers to the positive emotions that we experience as a member of an important social group. a. true b. false
A. True. Social identity refers to the positive emotions we experience as members of an important social group, such as a family, a workplace, or an ethnic or religious group.
Social identity refers to the way individuals perceive themselves based on their membership in social groups, such as race, gender, nationality, religion, or profession. It is an important aspect of how people interact and navigate social situations. Social identity influences how people view themselves and others, as well as the values, beliefs, and behaviors they associate with their group. It can also shape how individuals are perceived by others and the social hierarchies they occupy
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the experiences that women have with sexism may be different, depending on their social class. this understanding is most associated with theory. a. functionalist b. intersectional c. assimilation d. exchange
The understanding that the experiences women have with sexism may be different depending on their social class is most associated with the: B. intersectional theory.
What is Sexism?Sexism is the prejudice, stereotyping, or discrimination, typically against women, based on their gender.
Intersectionality recognizes that individuals hold multiple identities that intersect and interact, such as race, gender, class, and sexuality, and that these intersections shape their experiences and social status. Therefore, women from different social classes may face different forms and degrees of sexism based on their intersections of identities.
Intersectionality also acknowledges that individuals may experience oppression and privilege simultaneously and that these experiences are interconnected. This intersectional theory helps to highlight the complexity of social inequality and the importance of considering multiple factors when examining issues of social justice.
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The in-depth ______ is a qualitative research technique in which researchers ask questions in a one-on-one setting, record the answers, and then ask additional questions to clarify a particular issue. (Remember to type only one word in the blank.)
The in-depth interview is a qualitative research technique that involves a one-on-one conversation between a researcher and a participant. This technique is often used to explore complex issues and to gain an in-depth understanding of a particular topic.
The questions are typically designed to elicit the participant's experiences, opinions, beliefs, and attitudes on a particular issue. The in-depth interview process usually begins with a general introduction to the study's purpose and the participant's role in the research.
As the interview progresses, the researcher may ask follow-up questions to clarify or elaborate on the participant's responses. In some cases, the researcher may also probe deeper into the participant's to better understand their underlying motivations, values, and beliefs.
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a researcher repeatedly presents 1-month-old infants with a color patch. when an infant stops looking at the color patch, the researcher changes the hue of the color patch presented on the next trial. the researcher is using which paradigm to study color perception in infants?
The researcher is using the visual habituation paradigm to study color perception in infants. This type of experiment is based on the idea that an infant will become less interested in a stimulus that is repeated, and eventually “habituate” or become bored with it.
In this experiment, the researcher is changing the hue of the color patch on the next trial, which is meant to evoke a renewed interest from the infant, indicating that they can detect the difference between the colors.
Habituation experiments are used to study a range of topics in infant development, including attention, memory, and motor skills, but in this case the researcher is specifically looking at color perception. This type of experiment has been used to show that even young infants can distinguish between different hues, as well as shades and saturations.
Habituation experiments with infants are typically very simple. The researcher will present the infant with a stimulus and measure the amount of time they spend looking at it. If the infant stops looking at the stimulus, the researcher will change the stimulus slightly, such as changing the hue in this case, and measure the infant’s response. This process is repeated until the infant is no longer interested in the stimulus, at which point the experiment is finished.
By repeating this experiment with different infants and different stimuli, the researcher is able to gain insight into the color perception of infants. This type of experiment is particularly useful for studying color perception, as it can easily be adapted to study a range of hues, saturations, and shades.
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Why were Britain and Russia “hard-pressed” to start World War 2 (think of how WW2 started)?
Answer:
They didn't want another repeat of the first world war
Explanation:
(Many other countries felt this, including France and the US
according to the text, what would be the best parenting method to encourage your child to do well in school? according to the text, what would be the best parenting method to encourage your child to do well in school? taking away privileges for anything less than a b replacing grades with a conditioned stimulus swift punishment for poor performance praising the child for appropriate academic behavior
According to the text, praising the child for appropriate academic behavior would be the best parenting method to encourage your child to do well in school.
What is parenting? Parenting refers to the activity of promoting and fostering the physical, mental, social, and emotional development of a child from infancy to adulthood. Parents are the primary and most important caregivers of a child.
According to the text, praising the child for appropriate academic behavior would be the best parenting method to encourage your child to do well in school.
Why praising is important? It's important to give a child praise when they do well because it builds confidence, self-esteem, and motivation. Praising your child for their accomplishments will not only make them feel good about themselves, but it will also help them perform better in school.
When a child knows they are doing well, they will be more motivated to continue doing well.
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are you convinced by the author's arguments against relativism? why or why not? provide a specific reason for your position.
I am not convinced by the author's arguments against relativism for the following reasons: first, relativism is a philosophical position that is based on the idea that there is no single, absolute truth, and that all truths are relative to the individual.
This means that each individual has the right to their own perspective and should be respected, regardless of their beliefs. Second, relativism allows for diversity of thought, allowing different opinions and beliefs to be expressed and respected, creating an atmosphere of tolerance. Finally, relativism is a form of social justice because it allows for people to have their own beliefs without having to conform to a single, oppressive, absolute truth. Therefore, I believe that relativism is a valid and important perspective in today's society.
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Conclusions from extensive studies of the effectiveness of various forms of treatment for depression show that:
A)no more than one or two treatments appear to be effective in the treatment of
depression.
B)no matter which other treatment is used, drug treatment is essential and should be
tried first.
C)all treatments are equally effective in treating depression.
D)cognitive-behavioral, interpersonal, and biological treatments are all effective
treatments.
D) Cognitive-behavioral, interpersonal, and biological treatments are all effective treatments.
which researcher is best known for his development of decision making theory? william masters aaron beck albert bandura daniel kahneman
The researcher who is best known for his development of decision-making theory is Daniel Kahneman.
What is decision-making theory?Decision-making theory is a discipline that concerns the selection of options or alternatives, especially in organizations and individuals who have a vested interest in those decisions.Daniel Kahneman, the psychologist, was the first to put forward the idea of two distinct modes of thinking, which he called System 1 and System 2, in decision-making theory.
Kahneman's research, which garnered him a Nobel Prize in economics in 2002, focuses on decision-making and behavioral economics.Kahneman's contributions include the development of prospect theory and the study of self-control in decision-making.
Thus, the correct answer is Daniel Kahneman.
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If a sociologist studies one high school in a study of the effectiveness of its Parent-TeacherAssociation, he or she is using which of the following research methods?Select one:a. an experimentb. a case study Correctc. a panel studyd. content analysi
A sociologist studying one high school in a study of the effectiveness of its Parent-Teacher Association is using the research method known as a case study. This method involves an in-depth examination of a specific situation, organization, or event to gather detailed information and insights.(option b)
What is a case study research method?A case study is an observational research approach in which an individual or a small group of people is studied in-depth with the objective of revealing comprehensive patterns of behavior or experiences. Case studies provide a rich, detailed narrative about the research subject, typically focusing on a particular phenomenon or circumstance.
The case study research method is typically employed in sociology, psychology, and anthropology to study a particular case, which is why it is sometimes referred to as a case method. Case studies can be both quantitative and qualitative in nature, but qualitative case studies are more commonly used because of their descriptive nature.
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what is the rule in which ethical decisions are made in order to spread the greatest good for the greatest number of people?multiple choice question.the moral rights rulethe equal shares rulethe ethical rights rulethe utilitarian rule
"The rule in which ethical decisions are made in order to spread the greatest good for the greatest number of people is the utilitarian rule." This is also called as Rule Utilitarianism.
Rule utilitarianism is a philosophical theory about the distinction bet-ween moral and immoral choices. It claims that people should follow which-ever moral rules will have the best over-all impact. Under this view, the moral choice in each situation is not deter-mined by the concrete results of that specific choice, but by the long-term effects that would occur if peo-ple generally followed what-ever rule the person uses to make the choice.
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Seoul has actually REMOVED highways. Why did they do this? What effects has it had?
one of the most important characteristics of exploratory research is flexibility. group of answer choices true false
The statement, one of the most important characteristics of exploratory research is flexibility, is true.
One of the most significant features of exploratory research is flexibility. The primary goal of exploratory research is to examine and comprehend new issues, scenarios, or phenomena.
It is accomplished through conducting pilot surveys, reviewing primary and secondary data, assessing hypotheses, and utilizing non-standard data collection methods such as case studies and group interviews. During the exploration process, researchers remain open to new ideas, observations, and opportunities to learn more about the topic at hand.
As a result, the exploratory research technique can change significantly during the analysis process, depending on new data and insights. The researcher must be adaptable and willing to re-examine their approach, questions, and even hypotheses as new findings emerge.
It ensures that the findings are complete, thorough, and relevant to the problem at hand, even if the researcher's preconceptions are disproved during the research. Flexibility in exploratory research is critical since it allows for the exploration of different avenues and angles while remaining open to new information and ideas.
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according to consensus research, in which direction do pain signals travel to contribute to the experience of pain?
Consensus research suggests that pain signals travel from the site of injury or inflammation along nerve fibers to the spinal cord and up to the brain, contributing to the experience of pain.
However, recent research has also emphasized the role of psychological and social factors in pain perception, indicating that pain is a complex and multifaceted experience.
According to consensus research, pain signals travel from the site of the injury or inflammation along nerve fibers to the spinal cord and then up to the brain, where they are interpreted and contribute to the experience of pain. This is known as the "bottom-up" theory of pain perception, which suggests that pain is primarily a physical sensation resulting from tissue damage or inflammation, and is transmitted through the nervous system. However, recent research has also highlighted the role of psychological and social factors in pain perception, indicating that pain is a complex and multifaceted experience.
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which of the following is true of harassment? group of answer choices almost all harassment cases involve sexual harassment harassment is legally actionable because it is a form of discrimination harassment claims are rarely brought by men all of the above
The following statement is true of harassment: "Harassment is legally actionable because it is a form of discrimination."
In this case option B is correct
Harassment is the term for unwelcome, offensive, or threatening behavior that makes the victim feel threatened or hostile. Sexual harassment, racial harassment, and harassment based on other protected characteristics like age, disability, or religion are just a few examples of the many different ways that harassment can occur.
Because it involves treating someone unfairly or differently based on their membership in a specific group, harassment is regarded as a form of discrimination. Discrimination is prohibited in many settings, including the workplace, housing, and educational institutions. Because it involves putting the victim in a hostile or intimidating environment, harassment is frequently regarded as a particularly egregious form of discrimination.
Both men and women can become harassed, and anyone who experiences harassment may file a claim.
In this case option B is correct
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the fact that organizations are part of a larger society and are accountable to that society for their actions is the essence of blank . multiple choice question. profit responsibility social responsibility utilitarianism moral idealism
The fact that organizations are part of a larger society and are accountable to that society for their actions is the essence of "social responsibility".
Social responsibility refers to the idea that organizations have a responsibility to act in the best interests of society as a whole, not just their own self-interest or the interests of their shareholders. This can include a range of activities such as promoting ethical business practices, protecting the environment, supporting community initiatives, and treating employees fairly and ethically.
Social responsibility is an important concept in business ethics and reflects the understanding that organizations do not exist in isolation, but are part of a larger social system that they are accountable to. By acting responsibly and ethically, organizations can contribute to the well-being of society and build a positive reputation with stakeholders such as customers, employees, and the broader community.
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according to social exchange theory, an individual's primary motive in establishing and maintaining relationships is
According to social exchange theory, an individual's primary motive in establishing and maintaining relationships is to maximize rewards and minimize costs.
Maximize rewards and minimize costs means that people form relationships that are expected to provide more positive outcomes than negative ones. This involves weighing the costs and benefits of different relationships and choosing those that offer the most positive rewards.
Factors that can influence a person's decision to form or maintain a relationship include physical attractiveness, intelligence, common interests, and shared beliefs. It is also important to note that social exchange theory does not dictate that relationships must be equitable.
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a sea slug that has received electric shocks subsequently alters behavior to avoid future shocks. the change in behavior best illustrates the psychological construct of:
"A sea slug that has received electric shocks subsequently alters behavior to avoid future shocks. the change in behavior best illustrates the psychological construct of learning."
Learning is the process of acquiring new knowledge, behaviors, or skills that can be retained and used to adapt to changes in the environment. The sea slug's ability to alter its behavior to avoid future electric shocks demonstrates this psychological construct of learning.
Through repeated exposure to the electric shocks, the sea slug is able to make an association between the shock and its environment. This association allows it to learn that certain actions or behaviors can lead to negative consequences and adjust its future actions accordingly.
This form of learning is known as classical conditioning, a type of associative learning where a neutral stimulus becomes associated with a significant event. The sea slug's altered behavior shows that it has successfully learned from its past experiences and has adapted to its environment to ensure its survival.
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what is the key criterion that would allow a police department to legally refuse to hire an applicant with a disability?
The key criterion that would allow a police department to legally refuse to hire an applicant with a disability is if the disability would prevent them from performing the essential functions of the job, even with reasonable accommodations.
According to legal guidelines, employers, including police departments, are prohibited from discriminating against individuals with disabilities during the recruitment and selection process. This means that they cannot discriminate against individuals with disabilities when making hiring decisions, such as by refusing to hire them solely based on their disability.
However, police departments can legally refuse to hire an applicant with a disability if the disability would prevent them from performing the essential functions of the job, even with reasonable accommodations. In other words, if an individual with a disability cannot perform critical job duties, then the police department may legally refuse to hire them.
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a participant is presented with two distinct but similar sounds of a foreign language they have never heard before. based on what we learned in class, you would predict a(n) would easily be able to distinguish between the two sounds, but a(n) would not be able to distinguish between the two sounds.
A native speaker of a language would easily be able to distinguish between two distinct but similar sounds of a foreign language they have never heard before. This is because the native speaker has had exposure to all the sounds of their language throughout their lifetime and have developed an implicit knowledge of their language.
On the other hand, a non-native speaker of a language would not be able to distinguish between two distinct but similar sounds of a foreign language they have never heard before. This is because the non-native speaker does not have an implicit knowledge of the language and does not have the same exposure to the sounds of the language.
When presented with two distinct but similar sounds of a foreign language, native speakers have the advantage of an implicit knowledge of the language and its sounds. This knowledge allows them to recognize different sounds, such as intonation, and to be able to distinguish between two similar sounding words.
Non-native speakers, on the other hand, do not have this implicit knowledge, making it difficult for them to distinguish between two similar sounds of a foreign language.
In order for non-native speakers to distinguish between two distinct but similar sounds of a foreign language, they must actively and intentionally learn the language and its sounds.
This can be done by engaging in language learning activities such as listening to audio recordings of the language, studying its phonetic rules, or by participating in conversations with native speakers. With time and effort, a non-native speaker can eventually develop an implicit knowledge of the language and its sounds and be able to distinguish between two distinct but similar sounds.
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according to siegler, which three mechanisms work together to create changes in children's cognitive skills?
According to Siegler, three mechanisms work together to create changes in children's cognitive skills are 1. Selection, 2. Transformation, 3. Variability.
The selection mechanism refers to the mental processes that enable an individual to pick up, sort, and organize relevant knowledge and discard irrelevant knowledge from memory. These mental operations are critical in cognitive development because they enable individuals to filter knowledge based on their needs, preferences, and goals.
The transformation mechanism is responsible for the mental processes that enable an individual to process, organize, and represent knowledge in memory. This mechanism is crucial in cognitive development because it facilitates mental operations such as categorization, abstraction, and generalization, which enable individuals to reason and solve problems.
Meanwhile, variability mechanisms provide children with opportunities to learn from experience and develop their cognitive skills in new and diverse contexts.
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