summer leasing received $10,100 from a customer to cover 24 months of rent in advance. how should summer record this transaction? multiple choice debit rent expense; credit cash debit prepaid rent; credit rent expense debit cash; credit deferred revenue debit cash; credit service revenue

If the prices of goods in Europe increase while the nominal exchange rate between the euro and the U.S. dollar remains the same, we say that the U.S. dollar has experienced a depreciation.

When the prices of goods in Europe increase, it means that the euro has appreciated in value relative to the U.S. dollar. This can happen due to a variety of factors such as changes in supply and demand, inflation, and interest rates.

In this scenario, the nominal exchange rate remains the same, but the effective exchange rate has changed. The effective exchange rate takes into account the relative prices of goods and services in different countries and provides a more accurate measure of the exchange rate.

A depreciation of the U.S. dollar can have both positive and negative effects on the economy. On the one hand, it can make U.S. exports cheaper and more competitive in foreign markets, leading to an increase in exports and a boost to the economy.

On the other hand, it can make imports more expensive and lead to higher inflation, which can hurt consumers and businesses.

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The neoclassical theory of distribution predicts that, other things equal, the real wages of school teachers will decrease over time.

According to the neoclassical theory of distribution, the wage rate is determined by the intersection of the demand and supply curves for labor. If the supply of school teachers increases over time, there will be a surplus of teachers in the labor market, and employers will have less incentive to offer higher wages.

Additionally, if people can move freely between being teachers and uber drivers, the increased supply of uber drivers will put downward pressure on wages for all low-skilled jobs, including teaching.

Therefore, other things equal, the real wages of school teachers will decrease over time due to the increase in the supply of teachers and the availability of alternative employment opportunities.

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Third-grade teacher with a congenital hip dislocation to get disability income coverage is to D)  purchase a policy with an extra premium that covers any disability involving her hip. This would allow her to maintain her current occupation and obtain comprehensive coverage for her needs.

A third-grade teacher with a congenital hip dislocation is concerned about her ability to purchase a disability income policy due to her condition. She is considering various options to get coverage. Here is a summary of the possible options and the most suitable one for her situation:

a) She may purchase a policy if she changes her occupation to something less hazardous. This option would involve the teacher changing her job to a different occupation that is considered less risky by the insurance company. However, this may not be the most practical or desirable solution for her, as it could require her to leave a profession she is passionate about.

b) She may purchase a limited policy that will cover the disability resulting from accidents that happen at her school. This option could provide her with some coverage, but it would be limited to specific incidents occurring at her workplace. This might not be the most comprehensive solution, as it would not cover any disability issues that could arise outside of her school environment.

c) She will not receive coverage under any circumstances. This option is incorrect, as there are alternatives available for individuals with pre-existing conditions, such as the teacher with a congenital hip dislocation.

d) She may purchase a policy with an extra premium to cover any disability that would involve her hip. This option is the most suitable for her situation. By paying an additional premium, the teacher could obtain a disability income policy that includes coverage for her pre-existing hip condition. This would provide her with the protection she needs without having to change her occupation or accept a limited policy that only covers specific accidents.

In conclusion, the best option for the third-grade teacher with a congenital hip dislocation to get disability income coverage is to purchase a policy with an extra premium that covers any disability involving her hip (option d). This would allow her to maintain her current occupation and obtain comprehensive coverage for her needs.

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The act of offering products in smaller quantities based on consumption patterns is known as consumerization.

Consumerization is a process by which products are tailored to meet the needs and preferences of consumers. It is a customer-centric approach to product development, where the needs of the customer are considered in every stage of the product lifecycle.

In the case of grocers, consumerization is an important strategy for ensuring that their customers have access to fresh fruits. Grocers purchase fruits from several different tropical countries, and the quantities are reduced to amounts that are appropriate for store delivery. By offering the fruits in quantities that depend on the consumption pattern of the customers, grocers are able to ensure that their customers have access to fresh fruits that meet their needs and preferences.

Consumerization is a powerful tool for grocers, as it allows them to offer a wide range of products that meet the needs and preferences of their customers. It is an important aspect of intensive distribution, which is a strategy that involves making products available in as many outlets as possible. By breaking bulk and holding inventory, grocers are able to ensure that they can meet the demands of their customers and remain competitive in a crowded marketplace.

In conclusion, consumerization is an important strategy for grocers who purchase fruits from several different tropical countries. By offering the fruits in quantities that depend on the consumption pattern of the customers, grocers are able to ensure that their customers have access to fresh fruits that meet their needs and preferences. Consumerization is a powerful tool for grocers, as it allows them to remain competitive in a crowded marketplace and meet the demands of their customers.

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Complete Question

Grocers, a large food retailer, purchases fruits from several different tropical countries. When the fruits arrive in distribution centers across the United States, the quantities are reduced to amounts that are appropriate for store delivery. The stores, in turn, offer the fruits in quantities that depend on the consumption pattern of the customers. This act of offering products in smaller quantities based on consumption patterns is known as _____.

To calculate the expected profit per policy for the company, we need to take into account the probability of death and the payout amount.

The probability of death for a policyholder in the next 10 years is 0.017, which means that the company expects to pay out $21,232 * 0.017 = $361.44 per policy on average. Therefore, the expected profit per policy is the difference between the premium and the expected payout, which is $573 - $361.44 = $211.56. This means that the company can expect to earn an average profit of $211.56 per policy sold, taking into account the likelihood of death and the payout amount.

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Justin's rationalization to commit fraud as he needed the money to continue living lavishly.

The process of rationalization entails creating a false moral justification for the fraud. Since many fraudsters don't see themselves as criminals but rather as honorable, regular people, they must find a way to justify their actions in order to uphold their own moral standards.

In general, there are many ways people can justify committing fraud. A perceived need for money to support a particular lifestyle, peer pressure, a sense of entitlement or dissatisfaction with one's pay, or the conviction that other employees of the company are also engaging in fraud are some examples of common justifications for fraud. Noting that fraud is illegal and unethical, none of these defenses can be used to excuse or defend fraudulent behavior.

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The correct answer is "performance management." Performance management refers to the set of processes and managerial behaviors that involve defining performance expectations.

monitoring and measuring performance, evaluating performance, and providing consequences, such as feedback, rewards, or consequences, based on performance outcomes. Performance management is an ongoing process that aims to align individual and team performance with organizational goals and objectives, and it involves various activities such as goal setting, performance feedback, performance appraisal, and performance improvement.

Learning and development, socialization, and performance appraisal are related concepts, but they are not the specific group of processes and behaviors that involve defining, monitoring, measuring, evaluating, and providing consequences for performance expectations, which is performance management. ​ ​ ​

​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​

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The correct statement is "a risk-free security plots at the origin on a security market line graph." The Security Market Line (SML) graph is a representation of the relationship between risk and return for an individual security or a portfolio of securities.

The SML is a straight line that passes through the risk-free rate and the market return. The risk-free rate is the return an investor can expect to earn on a completely risk-free investment such as a government bond.

Therefore, a risk-free security will plot at the origin on the SML graph, indicating that it has zero systematic risk and an expected return equal to the risk-free rate.
The other options are incorrect. A portfolio that contains at least 30 diverse individual securities will not necessarily have a beta of 1.0. The beta of a portfolio depends on the betas of the individual securities as well as their weights in the portfolio. Any portfolio that is correctly valued will also not necessarily have a beta of 1.0.

The correct valuation of a portfolio does not affect its beta. A portfolio that has a beta of 1.12 will not lie to the left of the market portfolio on the SML graph.

The market portfolio has a beta of 1.0 by definition, so any portfolio with a beta greater than 1.0 will lie to the right of the market portfolio on the SML graph. An underpriced security will not plot above the SML.

The SML represents the expected return of a security based on its systematic risk, and an underpriced security would have a higher expected return for its level of risk, which would cause it to plot below the SML.

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Compared to nano-influencers, micro-influencers have a larger audience. Between 10,000 and 250,000 people follow them. Because micro-influencers have a strong specialty audience and a higher engagement rate than influencers with broader followings, brands and marketers adore working with them.

A micro-influencer utilises their social media presence to promote things related to their interests or areas of expertise and has between 1,000 and 100,000 social media followers. Micro-influencers have between 10,000 and 100,000 followers, while nano-influencers have between 1,000 and 10,000 , some characterize them as having 100K or more followers, while others classify micro-influencers as having between 1K and 100K followers. A social media influencer known as a "micro-influencer" with 1,000–10,000 followers. These influencers are renowned for their authenticity and subject-matter knowledge. Micro-influencers are likewise highly favoured due to their dedicated fan base.

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While the two groups are unable to settle the grievances, the least relevant question to the arbitrator while establishing the fairness to the actions of the management will be "What are the right-to-work guidelines involved?"

The correct option is option a.

Human Resource Management or HRM is basically a business management expertise which happens to focus on the hiring, recruiting, training, deploying, as well as managing the employees who are a part of an organization.

Todd who is a manager at Dexter Manufacture got a grievance which were filed by his subordinates. The groups entered into an arbitration. In such case, the least relevant question to them would be "What are  the right-to-work guidelines involved?"

Hence, the correct option is option a.

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Legally, sole proprietors bear unlimited responsibility for all business debts. Their assets, both personal and business, are at risk.

A sole proprietor is a person who owns an unincorporated business on their own. However, if you treat a domestic limited liability company (LLC) as a corporation, you will not be treated as a sole proprietor even if you are the LLC's sole member.

The term "limitless obligation" refers to the full legal liability that business partners and entrepreneurs anticipate for all business obligations. This chance isn't covered, and responsibilities can be paid through the seizure and proposition of owners' own special assets, which isn't equivalent to the renowned confined liability business structure.

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To find the interest rate per compounding period, we first need to determine the number of compounding periods in a year for a semi-annual compound interest rate. Therefore, the interest rate per compounding period for the loan is 2.44%.

Since semi-annual means twice a year, there are 2 compounding periods in a year. Next, we can use the formula for compound interest to find the interest rate per compounding period:

A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)

where:

A = the total amount

P = the principal

r = the annual interest rate

n = the number of times the interest is compounded per year

t = the number of years

We are given that the annual interest rate is 10% and the loan is compounded semi-annually over 5 years. Therefore, we have:

r =/ 10% = 0.10

n = /2 (compounded semi-annually)

t = /5

Substituting these values into the formula, we get:

A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)

A = P(1 + 0.10/2)^(2*5)

A = P(1.05)^10

Now, we can see that the factor (1 + r/n) is equal to (1.05), which means that the interest rate per compounding period is:

r/n = (1.05)^(1/n) - 1

Since n = 2 for semi-annual compounding, we have:

r/n = /(1.05)^(1/2) - 1

r/n = /0.0244 or 2.44%

Therefore, the interest rate per compounding period for the loan is 2.44%.

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This strategy could backfire because the store's sales may suffer by not having this convenience category of products.

In marketing, convenience products are those that a business sells that, due to customer demand, require less advertising. Convenience products are things that improve a customer's life and need to be replaced on a frequent basis. Since consumers buy these things frequently, they frequently do so with little thinking or engagement.

They hardly ever compare products because the differences between selections are so minimal. Consumers skip the entire purchase cycle when they buy these things. Consumers frequently purchase convenience goods to fulfil their everyday demands.

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Mr. collins is strongly suspected of embezzling money from his employer, he has denied the allegation.To determine whether he is lying, investigators are most likely to ask Mr. Collins to take a polygraph test.

Polygraph test is also known as a lie detector test, it is a test that examines and records physical indicators such as blood pressure, pulse, respiration, and skin conductivity while a person is questioned. The polygraph test was originally created as a method of determining whether a person was telling the truth or lying, however, it's accuracy has been questioned and is not always accepted in legal settings.

A polygraph is a machine that detects deception by measuring a person's physiological responses, the results of the test are based on changes in the physiological responses of the person being tested when answering the questions. Polygraph tests are commonly used by law enforcement officials and security professionals in various settings to assess the honesty of people who are suspected of criminal activity.

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Of the four factors that influence asset demand, A) wealth will cause the demand for all assets to increase when it increases, everything else held constant?

With everything else remaining equal, an increase in wealth will result in an increase in desire for all assets. An individual wealth, represents a measure of their buying power, which is the sum of their assets minus their obligations. The ability to require more assets, like stocks, bonds, real estate, and other investments, grows as their level of income rises.

If supply stays the same, this greater demand will raise asset values, which, all other things being equal, will lead to lower anticipated returns and higher risk. Expected returns, risk, and availability are variables that affect asset demand, but they do not always result in a rise in demand for all assets. For instance, buyers may switch their demand away from other assets and towards the asset with the higher anticipated return if expected returns for a particular asset rise.

Complete Question:

Of the four factors that influence asset demand, which factor will cause the demand for all assets to increase when it increases, everything else held constant?

A) wealth

B) expected returns

C) risk

D) liquidity

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If the Fed initiates a program to purchase long-term Treasury securities, it is most likely attempting to reduce the rate on long-term interest rates (option b).

This is a policy known as "quantitative easing," which involves the central bank buying large quantities of government bonds to increase the money supply and lower interest rates. By reducing long-term interest rates, the Fed hopes to stimulate borrowing and investment in the economy, which can help promote economic growth and reduce unemployment. Additionally, by buying up government bonds, the Fed can increase demand for these securities and help keep their prices high, which can have a positive impact on financial markets.

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The value of Grimm's shares today depends on the expected future dividend and share price, the risk-free interest rate, and the investor's risk premium.

a. Using the formula for the present value of a future cash flow: PV = CF / (1 + r), where PV is the present value, CF is the future cash flow, and r is the interest rate, we have PV = 9 / (1 + 0.058) = $8.51. Adding the expected share price of $92, the total value is $100.51 per share.

b. Using the same formula with a higher interest rate of 0.108, we have PV = 9 / (1 + 0.108) = $7.84. Adding the expected share price of $92, the total value is $99.84 per share.

c. With a risk premium of 4 percent, the required rate of return is 5.8% + 4% = 9.8%. Using the same formula, we have PV = 9 / (1 + 0.098) = $7.96. Adding the expected share price of $92, the total value is $99.96 per share.

d. Without a dividend, the share value would be the expected future price discounted by the interest rate. Using the formula PV = FV / (1 + r), where FV is the future value, we have PV = 92 / (1 + 0.058) = $87.01.

e. Using the same formula with a higher interest rate of 0.108, we have PV = 92 / (1 + 0.108) = $80.32.

f. With a risk premium of 4 percent, the required rate of return is 5.8% + 4% = 9.8%. Using the same formula, we have PV = 92 / (1 + 0.098) = $84.07.

In summary, the value of Grimm's shares today depends on the expected future dividend and share price, the risk-free interest rate, and the investor's risk premium.

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A subsidy is a payment by the government to a domestic producer to help lower production costs so they are better able to compete with foreign imports.

What is subsidy?

A subsidy is a financial assistance provided by the government to domestic producers or industries, usually in the form of cash grants, tax breaks, or other incentives. The objective of a subsidy is to lower the production costs of domestic producers, making them more competitive against foreign imports.

Subsidies can be given to producers of specific goods or industries that are considered important for the country's economy or for strategic reasons. For example, a government may provide subsidies to its domestic farmers to increase food production and reduce dependence on imports. Alternatively, subsidies may be given to domestic manufacturers to support the development of new technologies, products, or services that can compete with foreign rivals.

Overall, subsidies are a tool that governments can use to promote domestic production and protect industries from foreign competition. However, they can also lead to market distortions and inefficiencies if not properly designed and targeted.

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Complete question is: A subsidy is a payment by the government to a domestic producer to help lower production costs so they are better able to compete with foreign imports.

The correct option is E, The direct approach could be a good choice for a bad-news message if you expect the news to be accepted as a routine part of a business relationship.

A business relationship refers to the connection between two or more organizations, individuals or groups that have some level of interaction and engagement in the course of conducting business activities. It involves the exchange of goods, services, information, and resources, as well as the negotiation and implementation of agreements and contracts.Business relationships can take many forms, such as partnerships, joint ventures, supplier relationships, customer relationships, and alliances. They are built on trust, mutual understanding, and shared interests, and require effective communication, collaboration, and conflict resolution.

Effective business relationships are essential for the success and growth of organizations. They can lead to increased sales, improved customer satisfaction, better quality products and services, and access to new markets and resources. In addition, strong business relationships can help organizations navigate complex and uncertain business environments, and adapt to changes in the marketplace.

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Complete Question:-

The direct approach could be a good choice for a bad-news message if you expect

a. to be able to solve the problem within a few days.

b. the customer will be shocked by the news.

c. the news will disappoint the reader.

d. the news will make the reader angry or upset.

e. the news to be accepted as a routine part of a business relationship.

Sankey Company has a $4.00 profit per share. Pe is 18.9 times the standard. The stock price of $75.6 is appropriately Considered.

A share price, also known as a stock price, is the price at which one share of a corporation would be purchased. A share's price is not constant; rather, it changes with the state of the market. The price at which a security was most recently sold on an exchange is known as the "current price."

Buyers and sellers use the current price as a starting point. The share price of a firm is decided by supply and demand in the market once it becomes public and its shares begin trading on a stock exchange. The price of its shares will rise if there is a significant demand for them.

stock price = share x benchmark time

stock price = $4.00 x  18.9

stock price =  $ 75.6

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The return on equity for Firm A is 2.95% and for Firm B is 18.67%.

We can use the DuPont formula to calculate the return on equity (ROE) for each firm;

ROE = (Net Income/Total Equity) × (Total Equity/Total Assets) × (Total Assets /Sales)

For Firm A;  Debt-Total Asset Ratio = 44%

Equity-Total Asset Ratio = 56%

Return on Total Assets = 8%

ROE = (Net Income/Total Equity) × (Total Equity/Total Assets) × (Total Assets / Sales)

ROE = (Net Income / Sales) × (Total Assets/Total Equity) × (Total Equity/ Sales)

ROE = Return on Total Assets × (1 - Debt-Total Asset Ratio) × (1 / Equity-Total Asset Ratio)

ROE = 8% × (1 - 0.44) × (1 / 0.56)

ROE = 2.95%

For Firm B; Debt-Total Asset Ratio = 34%

Equity-Total Asset Ratio = 66%

Return on Total Assets = 14%

ROE = (Net Income / Total Equity) × (Total Equity / Total Assets) × (Total Assets / Sales)

ROE = (Net Income / Sales) × (Total Assets / Total Equity) × (Total Equity / Sales)

ROE = Return on Total Assets × (1 - Debt-Total Asset Ratio) × (1 / Equity-Total Asset Ratio)

ROE = 14% × (1 - 0.34) × (1 / 0.66)

ROE = 18.67%

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Receivables Average = Beg Receivables + End Receivables / 2 =65,800+73,000/2 =138,800/2 =69,400

Receivable turnover is calculated as Net Sales/Average Receivables (884,000/69,400 =12.74 days to collect during the year/365/12.7 =28.6 days). A company's legally enforceable claims for payment for goods delivered or services rendered that customers have requested but haven't paid for are referred to as "accounts receivable," also known as "AR" or "A/R." The accounts receivable process includes several processes, including customer onboarding, billing, collections, withholdings, exception management, and eventually cash posting after payment collection. Usually, they come in the form of invoices, which a business issues and sends to the client for payment within a specific amount of time. This accounting transaction is a part of a series that addresses billing a customer for the products and services they have ordered. These can be compared to receivable notes, which are considered legal obligations.

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The operation of a hair salon is an example of delayed customization. The correct answer is option c.

Delayed customization refers to a production process where a standard product or service is first produced in a generic form, and then customized or personalized to meet the specific needs or preferences of individual customers.

In the context of a hair salon, the production process typically involves a standard set of services such as haircuts, coloring, styling, and treatments, which are offered to all customers. However, each customer has their own unique hair type, length, color, and style preferences, which require a certain degree of customization to achieve the desired outcome.

For example, a customer may request a specific type of haircut, a certain hair color, or a particular style, which requires the hair stylist to customize their approach to meet the customer's needs.

The delayed customization approach allows hair salons to provide a high level of customer service and customization, while still maintaining efficiency and reducing costs. By offering a standard set of services, hair salons can optimize their resources and streamline their production process. Then, by customizing each service to meet the individual needs of each customer, they can offer a personalized and unique experience that sets them apart from their competitors.

Hence, the correct answer is c. delayed customization.

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We must predict the anticipated cash flows based on the LIBOR rate in order to determine the present value of the floating payments. The floating amounts would be: Assuming a 2% flat LIBOR rate, they would be:Year 1: $100,000 times 2.

We must identify the fixed rate at which the present value of the fixed payments is equal to the present value of the floating payments in order to calculate the swap's worth. The fixed payments would be $4,600 a year ($100,000 principal x 4.6% fixed rate), assuming a constant rate of 4.6%. We must discount each fixed payment at the set rate in order to determine the present value of the fixed payments. With a discount rate of 4.6%, the following would be the present worth of the fixed payments:

Year 1: $4,600 / (1 + 4.6%)^1 = $4,395.63

Year 2: $4,600 / (1 + 4.6%)^2 = $4,195.08

Year 3: $4,600 / (1 + 4.6%)^3 = $4,001.98

Year 4: $4,600 / (1 + 4.6%)^4 = $3,815.89

Year 5: $4,600 / (1 + 4.6%)^5 = $3,636.47

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The change that would show up in the drugstore is dependent on several factors, such as how much the owner was being paid before he or she decided to hire a manager, and how much money the drugstore generates in sales.

The difference between the owner's wage and the manager's wage will be the key factor to be considered. When a change is made, the change in the drugstore can be calculated by comparing the earnings of the previous owner with the new manager's salary. If the owner was making more than $16 an hour, then hiring a manager for $16 an hour would result in a decrease in the drugstore's earnings. The difference between the owner's salary and the new manager's salary is the change that would appear.

For instance, if the owner was paid $20 an hour, then hiring a manager for $16 an hour would result in a $4 decrease per hour. So, the change that would show up in this situation is $4 per hour.

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If we own asset which has "total-return" last-year of 17 percent, then real return was 13.37 percent.

The "Real-Return-Rate" is defined as the rate of return on an investment after adjusting for the effect of inflation. It is the rate at which the purchasing power of an investment grows over time, after accounting for the impact of inflation on the value of money.

To calculate the real return, we need to adjust the total return for the effect of inflation.

The formula for finding "real-return" is written as:

⇒ Real return = ((1 + Total return)/(1 + Inflation rate)) - 1 ,

The inflation rate of asset is = 3.2 percent,

The total return last year is = 17 percent,

Substituting the values,

We get,

⇒ Real return = ((1 + 0.17)/(1 + 0.032)) - 1,

⇒ Real return = (1.17/1.032) - 1

⇒ Real return ≈ 0.1337 or 13.37 percent.

Therefore, the real return on the asset was 13.37 percent.

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Economic growth is determined by a group of factors, such as resources, technology, and institutions. Therefore, the correct option is option 1.

1. Resources: Economic growth depends on the availability of resources like land, labor, and capital. These resources are essential for the production of goods and services, and their efficient allocation can lead to higher economic growth.

2. Technology: Technological advancements can significantly impact economic growth by improving productivity and efficiency. New technologies can lead to the creation of new industries and markets, which can further drive economic growth.

3. Institutions: Institutions, such as legal systems, financial systems, and education systems, play a critical role in fostering economic growth. Effective institutions can create a stable and supportive environment for businesses and individuals to prosper, leading to higher economic growth.

Other factors, such as cultural factors, government spending and taxes, geography and natural resources, and population, birth rates, and death rates, can also influence economic growth. However, the primary determinants are resources, technology, and institutions. Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

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Natasha's behaviour of skimming cash from the deposit indicates she is displaying the contributing factor of rationalisation to fraud.

Rationalisation is a psychological principle related to fraud. Where individuals justify their fraudulent acts by thinking it as a fair compensation for inadequate payment or compensation they receive. Normally, when an individual is seeking self-justification in their mind for performing a fraudulent act, they may rationalize by thinking that stealing a nominal amount would not significantly hurt the employer or that it is "not a big deal."

However, rationalisation does not justify any fraudulent act and there are serious consequences if caught. Therefore, it is crucial to follow professional ethical and moral values while performing any work at a professional level.

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The company's return on equity using the DuPont formula is 24.4%

The DuPont formula is a way to decompose the return on equity (ROE) into three parts: the profit margin, the total asset turnover, and the leverage multiplier. We can use the formula to calculate the company's ROE as follows:

ROE = Net Income / Total Equity

ROE = (Net Income / Sales) x (Sales / Total Assets) x (Total Assets / Total Equity)

ROE = (Profit Margin) x (Total Asset Turnover) x (Leverage Multiplier)

Given the information in the question, we can calculate the three components of ROE as follows:

Profit Margin = Net Income / Sales

Profit Margin = $24 million / $132 million

Profit Margin = 0.1818 or 18.18%

Total Asset Turnover = Sales / Total Assets

Total Asset Turnover = $132 million / Total Assets

We do not have the information on the total assets of the company, but we are given the total asset turnover ratio, which is 0.84. Therefore, we can set up the equation:

0.84 = $132 million / Total Assets

Solving for Total Assets, we get:

Total Assets = $132 million / 0.84

Total Assets = $157.14 million

Leverage Multiplier = Total Assets / Total Equity

Leverage Multiplier = ($157.14 million / Total Equity) x 1.6

Solving for Total Equity, we get:

Total Equity = $157.14 million / (Leverage Multiplier / 1.6)

We are not given the total equity of the company, but we can solve for it using the leverage multiplier, which is 1.6. Therefore, we can set up the equation:

ROE = 0.1818 x 0.84 x (157.14 / (Total Equity x 1.6))

Solving for Total Equity, we get:

Total Equity = $157.14 million / (ROE / (0.1818 x 0.84 x 1.6))

Plugging in the given values and solving for ROE, we get:

ROE = 0.1818 x 0.84 x (157.14 / (Total Equity x 1.6))

ROE = 0.244 or 24.4%

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The gross profit using absorption costing assuming the company produces 2,580 units and sells 2,180 units is calculated to be  $265,146.20.

To compute gross profit using absorption costing, we need to allocate all manufacturing costs (both fixed and variable) to the units produced.

Total manufacturing cost per unit = direct materials + direct labor + variable overhead + fixed overhead per unit

= $88 + $68 + $38 + ($103,200 / 2,580)

= $88 + $68 + $38 + $40

= $234 per unit

Thus, the total manufacturing cost for 2,580 units produced is:

2,580 units x $234 per unit = $603,720

We also need to allocate the fixed selling and administrative expenses to the units sold.

Total selling and administrative cost per unit = variable selling and administrative expenses + (fixed selling and administrative expenses / units sold)

= $8 + ($58,000 / 2,180)

= $8 + $26.61

= $34.61 per unit

The cost of goods sold (COGS) is the sum of the manufacturing cost and the selling and administrative cost per unit:

COGS per unit = manufacturing cost per unit + selling and administrative cost per unit

= $234 + $34.61

= $268.61 per unit

Thus, the COGS for the 2,180 units sold is:

2,180 units x $268.61 per unit = $585,053.80

The gross profit is the difference between the revenue and the COGS:

Gross profit = Revenue - COGS

= (2,180 units x $390 per unit) - $585,053.80

= $850,200 - $585,053.80

= $265,146.20

Therefore, the gross profit using absorption costing is $265,146.20.

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