The products of the light-dependent reactions are= ATP, NADPH, and O2, and the products of light-independent reactions are= Sugars, ADP, and NADP+.
Photosynthesis has two parts: one is light-dependent and another one is a light-independent reaction (also known as-Calvin cycle). The process is vice versa, where few inputs of the light-dependent reaction are used to make the outputs for the light-independent reaction, and few inputs of the light-independent reaction are used to make the outputs for the light-dependent reaction.
The goal of a light-dependent reaction is to convert light energy into chemical energy. And the location of light-independent reaction is at Chloroplasts—stroma.
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Does cyanide stop ATP production?
cyanide at low concentrations, acts as a mitochondrial activator and stimulatory bioenergetic factor. Its effects are associated with the stimulation of CCOx activity and an elevation of intracellular ATP, leading to a stimulation of cell proliferation.
Cyanide's blockade of complex IV depletes ATP, which leads to cell death. Cytochrome a3 that has been reduced cannot be reoxidized by oxygen. As a result, both cellular respiration and ATP generation are hindered, effectively depriving the cells, tissues, and ultimately the entire body of oxygen.
Electron transport chain is unable to pump electrons into the intermembrane gap after cyanide exposure. The pH gradient would fall, the intermembrane gap pH would rise, and ATP synthesis would cease.
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A mutation in the gene coding for a single-polypeptide enzyme results in the substitution of the amino acid serine, which has a polar R group, by the amino acid phenylalanine, which has a nonpolar R group. When researchers test the catalysis of the normal enzyme and the mutated enzyme, they find that the mutated enzyme has much lower activity than the normal enzyme does. Which of the following most likely explains how the amino acid substitution has resulted in decreased catalytic activity by the mutated enzyme?
A The substitution decreased the mass of the enzyme so that the mutated enzyme binds more weakly to the substrate than the normal enzyme does.
B The substitution altered the secondary and tertiary structure of the enzyme so that the mutated enzyme folds into a different shape than the normal enzyme does.
C The substitution caused many copies of the mutated enzyme to cluster together and compete for substrate to bind.
D The substitution caused the directionality of the enzyme to change such that the amino terminus of the normal enzyme has become the carboxy terminus of the mutated enzyme.
Answer:
Bats have few natural predators -- disease is one of the biggest threat. Owls, hawks and snakes eat bats, but that’s nothing compared to the millions of bats dying from White-Nose Syndrome. The disease -- named for a white fungus on the muzzle and wings of bats -- affects hibernating bats and has been detected in 33 states and seven Canadian provinces. More than 6.5 million bats have died so far from White-Nose Syndrome. Scientists are working to understand the disease. You can help -- avoid places where bats are hibernating, and if you do go underground, decontaminate your clothing, footwear and gear.
Explanation:
the answer is c
What does the plant start with in light-independent reactions?
The plant begins with carbon dioxide and ends with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the light-independent processes (G3P). Energy is obtained from the light-dependent processes in the form of ATP and NADPH.
The photochemical process of photosynthesis involves a number of light-independent biochemical events light-independent reactions that result in plant the formation of organic compounds from carbon dioxide. This metabolic pathway is propelled by the energy released from the ATP created during the light reactions. Photosystems I and II, which are both found in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, are plant responsible for using light energy. The light-independent reactions ,chemical energy obtained during the light-dependent processes is used to construct carbohydrate molecules from plant carbon dioxide in light-independent reactions (the Calvin cycle).
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Why are sodium ions differentially permeable?
Answer:
In most cases, an ion channel is permeable only to specific types of ions (for example, sodium and potassium but not chloride or calcium), and sometimes the permeability varies depending on the direction of ion movement.
Explanation:
Hope it helps u
FOLLOW MY ACCOUNT PLS PLS
Explanation:
This transporter ejects 3 sodium ions from the inside of the cell for every 2 potassium ions it transports in, all against a concentration gradient. ... If, however, membranes are differentially permeable to the ions, an electrical potential across the membrane can arise.
Vestigial traits and neutral changes in DNA sequences are good examples of _____. Vestigial traits and neutral changes in DNA sequences are good examples of _____. acclimation
Vestigial traits and neutral changes in DNA sequences are good examples of non-adaptive traits .
Structures that don't have any obvious feature and appear like residual components from a beyond ancestor are known as vestigial systems. Examples of vestigial systems encompass the human appendix, the pelvic bone of a snake, and the wings of flightless birds. Vestigiality is the retention, at some point of the manner of evolution, of genetically decided systems or attributes which have misplaced a few or all the ancestral feature in a given species. Assessment of the vestigiality should usually rely upon assessment with homologous functions in associated species.
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The respiratory system of the body can be injured by volcanic _____ that comes from a volcanic eruption.ashbouldersrock
Taking in volcanic exhaust clouds aggravates the lungs and mucous layers. It can influence how well your lungs work. Volcanic exhaust clouds may likewise influence your insusceptible framework.
One long-haul impact of volcanic debris is silicosis. Silicosis is a sickness bringing about lung debilitation and scarring, from openness to particles of free translucent silica. Minerals that are related to silicosis incorporate quartz, cristobalite, and tridymite, all possibly present in volcanic debris.
The most widely recognized consequences for well-being brought about by volcanic ejections incorporate horrendous wounds, consumption, suffocation, skin aggravation, eye wounds and conjunctivitis, respiratory issues, and even passing.
Debris particles might contain translucent silica, a material that causes a respiratory infection called silicosis.
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Why is the root of a plant unable to absorb mineral salt from the soil if it’s given a poison that prevents respiration
A toddler is experiencing hemorrhagic shock and did not respond to an initial fluid bolus. What is the immediate next step of care
If A toddler is experiencing hemorrhagic shock and did not respond to an initial fluid bolus.immediate next step of care would be administration of packed red blood cells.
The goal of treatment in the acute phase of traumatic hemorrhagic shock is to stop the bleeding. To prevent or treat acute coagulopathy of trauma, the physician must manage fluid resuscitation, vasopressors, and blood transfusion as long as this bleeding is not controlled.
If fluid boluses do not alleviate the symptoms of hypovolemic, hemorrhagic shock, packed red blood cells should be administered immediately. As a plasma expander, albumin can also be considered for increased intravenous volume in burns, shock, and trauma.
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The diagram shows some of the structures in a human lung. Where is the carbon dioxide concentration highest? Support your answer with the scientific details required.
Answer:
W - Facilitates movement of air by expansion and contraction, X - Traps dust and helps to filter inhaled air, Y - Prevents the wind pipe from collapsing, Z - Help in exchange of gases.
Explanation:
Diaphragm is the muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen. The diaphragm is the main muscle of respiration. Contraction of the diaphragm muscle expands the lungs during inspiration when breathing air in. The function of the nasal cavity is to warm, moisturize, and filter air entering the body before it reaches the lungs. Hairs and mucus lining the nasal cavity help to trap dust, mold, pollen and other environmental contaminants before they can reach the inner portions of the body. The trachea, or windpipe, is a 5-inch long tube made of C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium. The trachea connects the larynx to the bronchi and allows air to pass through the neck and into the thorax. The rings of cartilage making up the trachea allow it to remain open to air at all times. Gas exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place in the alveoli. Oxygen from the inhaled air diffuses through the walls of the alveoli and adjacent capillaries into the red blood cells. The oxygen is then carried by the blood to the body tissues.
The part of the lungs where Carbon Dioxide concentration is highest is in the part labeled A.
The entire diagram is called ALVEOLI.
This structure is a semi-permeable membrane wired with blood vessels on its walls. It is in these sacs that the body gives off carbon dioxide and takes in oxygen. The blood vessels which are wired around the sacs are called Capillaries.
The part labeled B is the pulmonary artery. It feeds de-oxygenated blood to the capillaries. Through the walls of the capillaries, the carbon dioxide is removed from the blood into the alveoli and takes up oxygen from the air in the alveoli. The oxygenated blood then moves back into the body via the pulmonary vein which is labeled D on the diagram.
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Predict A store owner has a problem with birds building nests on top of the store’s outdoor sign. To scare the birds away, she places rubber snakes on top of the sign. Predict how the birds will react to the rubber snakes. Use the terms habituated, learn, negative effects, positive effects, and stimulus in your answer.
Answer:
the birds will have no habitat
Explanation:
Meiosis creates 4 daughter cells. How does the genetic information in these daughter cells compare to one another?
The genetic information of the four daughter cells created by meiosis are distinct or different from one another.
What is meiosis?Meiosis is a cell division of a diploid cell into four haploid cells, which develop to produce gametes.
Meiosis is a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes (the sex cells, or egg and sperm).
Meiosis produces four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information. These cells are our sex cells – sperm in males, eggs in females.
The four daughter cells are genetically distinct from one another because of a process called crossing over that occurs in the Prophase I of the division process.
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What is the danger of engaging in unprotected pre marital sex?
Engaging in unprotected premarital sex can be dangerous as it increases the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancies, and can also have emotional and mental impacts.
Engaging in unprotected premarital sex can be dangerous because it increases the risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unintended pregnancies.
STIs, such as HIV, chlamydia, and syphilis, can be transmitted through unprotected sexual contact. Some STIs can cause serious health problems and even death if left untreated. Some STIs, like HPV or herpes, may not show any symptoms, but can still cause long-term health issues.Unintended pregnancies can also occur as a result of unprotected premarital sex. This can lead to a variety of personal, social, and economic challenges, including emotional and financial burdens, interruptions to education or career plans, and the need for parenting or adoption arrangements.Additionally, unprotected premarital sex can also have emotional and mental impacts, such as guilt, regret, or emotional distress.It's worth noting that practicing safe sex, including the use of condoms and other forms of contraception, can greatly reduce the risk of STIs and unintended pregnancies, as well as emotional and mental distress.To learn more about unprotected pre-marital sex at
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PLS HELPPPPPPPP PLS HELPPPP
Answer:
Lara uses more water
Explanation:
because Lara takes longer showers, uses the dishwasher more often, and keeps the water on while brushing her teeth while Mateo takes shorter showers which uses less water. Washing your hands and keeping the water off while brushing will consume less water as well.
1. An intermediate harvest intended to remove part of the trees to allow the remaining trees to get more sun is called what?
2. What forestry practice involves the use of fire as a management tool?
3. Why does clear cutting seem to upset so many people?
4. What are the main ways that forests are reproduced
1. An intermediate harvest intended to remove part of the trees to allow the remaining trees to get more sun is called clearcutting.
2. Prescribed burning
3. Clearcutting reduces biodiversity. Because clearcutting indiscriminately destroys entire areas, plant loss and destruction of animal habitat is unavoidable. Further environmental stress is put on many already endangered species that call the forest home.
4. Forests may be reproduced by either natural or artificial methods.
About ClearcuttingClearcutting is a term that refers to a felling that is used to clear a piece of land evenly without regard to the limit diameter of the trees to be cut down or without exception. The clear cutting system is used to clear a piece of land and after clear cutting, the forest area is planted with various types of trees that are the same age and uniform.
The goal of clear-cutting is to maximize land productivity and environmental quality in accordance with the carrying capacity of the local environment,and create long-lived forest of high quality to meet the needs of industrial raw materials.
Clear logging was chosen compared to the Selective logging system because it can prevent damage to young stands due to clear cutting of all trees, a method that is simple, cheap, and practical, can grow stands of uniform age, plants planted do not overlap with other tree characteristics, and can intercropping technique was carried out. Even so, clear-cutting has drawbacks, such as the occurrence of open ground resulting in minimal nutrients, soil erosion can occur, increased fire hazard, minimal aesthetic views, the goal of clear-cutting is to make the forest lifelong so that it is vulnerable to pests and diseases, and requires replanting of larger plants .
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I NEED HELP WILL MARK BRAINIEST IF CORRECT!!!!! PLEASE
This is not meant to be taken bad a need help on Biology
Q: When your parents had sex and created you what do you think happened and what caused it?? Does having sex have a benefit on the Earth if so what is that. If having sex doesn't have a benefit on the Earth what is that and why.
I know for me typing the word sex is kinda weird. My teacher said it's okay everyone does it at some point. Please don't report this is kinda hard for me to ask so please be mindful to me thanks!!
Answer:
When you are created the guys sperm goes inside the women's body and contacts her eggs. Which can get her pregnant. Having "It" does benefit the world. Because this is the thing that creates and brings life of humans. It's a beautiful thing.
Explanation:
It's fine. It's a word people need to get used to because eventually you can't run away from this topic! (That's what I was told..)
Anyways I rlly hope this helped and if you need anything else let me know! Have a wonderful day <33 You seem rlly cool!
A scientist is observing an invertebrate animal that she collected in shallow salt water. The animal has a hollow central cavity and a gut.Which animal is the scientist most likely observing
Answer: a cnidarian, because it has a gut a cnidarian, because it was collected in shallow salt water a sponge, because it has tissue layers a sponge, because it is an invertebrate.
1. What are alleles?
genes that always hide their traits, which are never exhibited
pieces of genes that are observable to the human eye
gene pieces found at certain sites on a chromosome
genes that always show their traits, which are never hidden
Answer:
c
Explanation:
a and d are definetly not ir
Describe in one paragraph the importance of carbohydrates. (5-8 sentences)
Answer:
Carbohydrates are the body's main source of energy. Without carbohydrates, your body will use up fat and protein in place of carbohydrates. These other sources of energy are harder to use. Carbohydrates provide energy for everything you do, whether it be running or breathing. Carbohydrates also provide important fiber for protection against disease. Extra carbohydrates (not used for energy), broken down as glucose, can be converted to glycogen, which is important for good muscle and liver health.
Explanation:
Hope this helps! :)
I need someone to explain this answer
Answer:i just simple formulas just remember in bio emzymes live through cells and make up the cell there are millions of different enzymes
Explanation:
brainiest
In some cases, a third name is given to the animal to indicate a SUBSPECIES. What animal on the chart is a subspecies? What is this animal's full scientific name?
Answer:
What animal on the chart is a subspecies? The DOGWhat is this animal's full scientific name? Canis lupus familiarisExplanation:
Taxonomy is the study of different organisms, their classification into categories according to their morphological and molecular characteristics and their evolutionary relationships, and assigning to each them a binomial name.
The categories where organisms are classified into are:
• Domains are the highest taxonomic category in which living beings can be grouped or divided. There are three domains: archaea, bacteria, and eukarya.
- The archaea domain
- The bacteria domain
- The eukarya domain
• Kingdom: Includes different phyla closely relates.
• Phylum: Includes different classes closely related.
• Class: Includes different orders closely relates.
• Order: Includes different families closely related
• Family: Includes different genera closely relates
• Genus: Includes many species → Lycaon, Vulpes, and Canis are genuses
• Species: Includes subspecies if there are → For instance, Canis lupus
Subspecies subgroups inside the species group → Canis lupus familiaris
So each level includes the following levels.
In the exposed example, Canis lupus familiaris is a subspecies of the species Canis lupus.
discuss advantages and disadvantages of genetically modified crops like soya, maize ,and rice
many advantage of genetically modified crops. such as diseases free, increase yield according to own desire, we introduce vit A in Golden rice that is useful , etc
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration related?
A. Cellular respiration breaks down glucose, while photosynthesis
produces glucose.
B. Cellular respiration is the process animals use to produce glucose,
while photosynthesis is the process plants use to produce
glucose.
C. Photosynthesis produces water molecules, while cellular
respiration splits water molecules apart.
D. Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respirationstores
energy
Permanent hardness of water can be removed by adding
A. chlorine
B. washing soda
C. potassium permanganate
D. bleaching powder
Washing soda can be added to water to dissolve any lingering hardness.
The presence of dissolved calcium and magnesium ions contributes to the hardness of water. Temporary hardness and permanent hardness are the two different types of water hardness. Boiling the water makes the dissolved calcium carbonate precipitate out as calcium carbonate, which can be used to remove temporary hardness. On the other hand, permanent hardness is brought on by the existence of dissolved calcium and magnesium sulfates and cannot be eliminated by boiling.
Water hardness can be eliminated permanently with washing soda, sometimes referred to as sodium carbonate. By interacting with the dissolved calcium and magnesium ions to create insoluble precipitates, it softens the water.
A,C and D options are not correct. Chlorine is used to disinfect water, but it doesn't remove hardness. Potassium permanganate is a strong oxidizer and can be used as a disinfectant and treatment for certain water impurities, but it also doesn't change the hardness of water. Bleaching powder is used as a disinfectant and oxidizer, but it doesn't have a role in changing the hardness of water.
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What is unique about carbon?
A. bonding properties
B. ability to bond with oxygen
C.properties as a reactant
D. properties as an enzyme
Which of the following have directly caused an explosive human population? (Choose all that apply.)
◾️food production
◾️lack of clean water
◾️better sanitation
◾️more effective medical care
Answer:
more effective medical care
Answer:
◾️food production
◾️better sanitation
◾️more effective medical care
Explanation:
These all help humans live longer, causing rising populations.
Treatment of an abscess often requires that it be surgically drained because ______.
O the wall of the abscess prevents proper blood flow into the pus
O the wall of the abscess prevents proper elimination of wastes from the enclosed pus
O the wall of the abscess prevents neutrophils from entering the pus and attacking the pathogens
O the wall of the abscess prevents macrophages from differentiating into monocytes in the pus
Because the abscess wall obstructs adequate blood flow through into pus, management of an abscess frequently necessitates surgical drainage of the abscess.
Which of the below is not an anti-infection chemical barrier?Instead of acting as a barrier, macrophages target pathogens once they have already entered the body. Physical barriers include mucus and epithelial tissue, whereas chemical barriers include saliva and urine.
What type of cell plays the most important role in immunity?The most significant of the three antigen-presenting cells, dendritic cells play a crucial role in the beginning of innate and adaptive immunity (see Section 1-6). Macrophages can directly mediate innate immunity and play a critical role in the effector component of the adaptive immunological response.
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what is biotechnology?
Answer:
Biotechnology is the application of cellular and biomolecular processes to the development of inventions and materials that benefit both our lives and the future of our world.
Explanation:
Which process primarily focuses on the defeat of an opponent? (PLATO & EDMENTUM) its for psychology
A.
competition
B.
conflict
C.
tertiary cooperation
D.
accommodation
The correct answer is : conflict
Answer:
Conflict
Explanation:
got a 100! the person who said Conflict was right!
7. The sporophyte is dominant in the gymnosperm life cycle. Which statement is true regarding the sporophyte generation
In the gymnosperm life cycle, meiosis is used by the diploid cells to make gametophytes. Therefore, statement b is correct.
A dominating sporophyte generation characterizes the gymnosperm life cycle. Meiosis creates haploid spores from diploid sporophyte cells. A multicellular, haploid gametophyte is produced when each spore undergoes mitotic divisions. The production of gametes within the gametophyte requires mitotic divisions.
Male spores develop inside male cones into male gametophytes. A grain of pollen surrounds each male gametophyte. Female spores develop inside female cones into female gametophytes. Pollen is transported from a male to a female cone during pollination. Inside seeds, zygotes mature into embryos that give rise to the next generation.
The complete question is -
The sporophyte is dominant in the gymnosperm life cycle. Which statement is true regarding the sporophyte generation?
a) The cells are haploid and use mitosis to produce gametophytes.
b) The cells are diploid and use meiosis to produce gametophytes.
c) The cells are haploid and use meiosis to produce gametophytes.
d) The cells are diploid and use mitosis to produce gametophytes.
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What describes the meeting of organisms that have different homozygous alleles for a single trait?
The term "monohybrid cross" refers to the mating of organisms with various identical alleles for the same characteristic of a single trait. Thus the correct answer is (A). Monohybrid cross.
Two organisms that have different variations at the same genetic locus are combined to form a monohybrid cross. In a monohybrid cross, two or more mutations at a single gene locus control the character(s) under examination. To carry out such a cross, each parent is chosen to be homozygous or true breeding for a specific trait (locus). The monohybrid ratio, also known as the distribution of second-generation (F2) offspring, is often used to determine if a cross qualifies as a monohybrid cross. It shows a cross between two separate parents, each of whom possesses distinct features and different alleles of the same set of genes. In this creature, two identical genes occur in several forms. A monohybrid cross is created when different organisms with varied identical pair genes for the same trait mate.
The complete question is:
What describes the meeting of organisms that have different homozygous alleles for a single trait?
(a). monohybrid cross
(b). dihybrid cross
(c). homozygous cross
(d). heterozygous cross
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