In the molecule C2H4, valence orbitals of the carbon atoms are assumed to be e) sp^2 hybridized.
What is valence orbitals?The set of orbitals that can energetically accept electrons to create chemical bonds is known as the valence shell. The ns and np orbitals in the outermost electron shell make form the valence shell for main-group elements.
The outside electrons engaged in bonding are called valence electrons. A particular atom can have 0 to 7 valance electrons since valance electrons can only exist in the s and p orbitals. Noble gases are atoms that have no valence electrons and dislike forming bonds.
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The kind of molecular motion that mostly relates to the temperature of a substance is
A) translational motion.
B) rotational motion.
C) vibrational motion.
D) all about equally
The kind of molecular motion that mostly relates to temperature of a substance is : A) translational motion.
What is meant by translational motion?Motion in which all the points of a moving body moves uniformly in the same direction. If object is undergoing translatory motion, we can see that there is no change in the orientation of object. Translatory motion is also called translational motion.
In kinetic theory of gasses, increasing the temperature of a gas increases the average kinetic energy of the molecules, causing an increased motion. This increased motion increases outward pressure of the gas, which an expected result from the ideal gas equation (PV=NkT).
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. What are two major organs of the excretory system?
Answer:
Kidney and bladder..............
Answer:
Option B
The answer is Kidneys and Bladder
Explanation:
The Excretory Organs
A pair of KidneyA pair of Uterus A Urinary BladderA UrethraBut, Kidneys and Bladder is the major organ in Excretory System
Thus, The answer is Kidneys and Bladder
-TheUnknownScientist
. The reaction rates of many spontaneous reactions are actually very slow. Which of these statements is the best explanation for this observation? (1) The activation energy of the reaction is large. (2) AG for the reaction is positive. (3) Such reactions are endothermic. (4) The entropy change is negative.
In reality, spontaneous reactions occur relatively slowly because The reaction's activation energy is high.
Hence, Option 1 is correct.
A spontaneous reaction is one that favors the creation of products in the environment in which it is taking place.Given that spontaneous reactions discharge free energy, the sign of G must be negative. There are four distinct conceivable combinations because both H and S can be either positive or negative depending on the features of the specific reaction.An exothermic example of a spontaneous reaction is a raging campfire (there is a decrease in the energy of the system as energy is released to the surroundings as heat).Find more information about Activation energy here:
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The movement of tectonic plates is so slow and gradual that you cannot see or feel them moving. As a result, scientist depend on the global positioning system (GPS) to verify tectonic plate motion. Satellites can measure the small distances that GPS ground stations move over time. In what units is the movement of tectonic plates measured? Group of answer choices.
Answer:
centimeters per year
Explanation:
6.0 mol Al reacts with 4.0 mol O2 to form Al2O3.
4A1+30₂ → 2Al₂O3
How many moles of Al2O3 form when 4.0 mol Al reacts?
2 moles of Al₂O₃ will be produced when 4 moles of Al reacts in accordance with the above equation.
How to calculate moles using stoichiometry?Stoichiometry refers to the study and calculation of quantitative (measurable) relationships of the reactants and products in chemical reactions (chemical equations).
According to this question, 6.0 moles of Al reacts with 4.0 mol of oxygen gas to form Al₂O₃ as follows:
4Al + 30₂ → 2Al₂O₃
Based on the above equation, 4 moles of Al reacts to form 2 moles of aluminium oxide.
This means that 4 moles of aluminium will produce 4 × ²/4 = 2 moles of aluminium oxide.
Therefore, 2 moles of Al₂O₃ will be produced by 4 moles of aluminium.
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What is natural gas made of? Where does the energy and matter come from?
Answer:
a compound with one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms (CH4).
Explanation:
Natural gas is a fossil energy source that formed deep beneath the earth's surface. Natural gas contains many different compounds. The largest component of natural gas is methane.
Why and how does atom change during time
Adding or removing protons from the nucleus changes the charge of the nucleus and changes that atom's atomic number. So, adding or removing protons from the nucleus changes what element that atom is
What is the subscript for Br in 12NaBr?
Answer:
I am not sure you would have to screenshot ur page
Identify the Lewis acid in the following reaction: Pt2+(aq) + 4NH3 (aq) ? Pt(NH3)4,2+(aq)
a) Pt2+
b) NH3
c) Pt(NH3)4,2+
The Lewis acid in the following reaction: Pt2+(aq) + 4NH3 (aq) ?Pt(NH3)4,2+(aq) is : a) Pt2+.
What do you understand by a Lewis acid?Platinum ion (Pt2+) ( P t 2 + ) is a Lewis acid in the given reaction because it accepts pair of electron from ammonia.
A Lewis acid is any substance, such as H+ ion, that can accept a pair of nonbonding electrons. In other words, Lewis acid is an electron-pair acceptor. Lewis acid is chemical species that has an empty orbital which is capable of accepting electron pair from Lewis base to form a Lewis adduct.
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What happens to the reactivity as you move from left to right?
The reactivity of the element in the periodic table as me move from the left to right in the period it will decreases first and then it will increases.
In the periodic table , for the metals the reactivity of the decreases as we move across the period from left to the right. in the group it will increases as we move from the top to bottom.
In the periodic table for the non metals, the reactivity will increases as we move from left to the right in a period. in the group it will decreases as we move from top to the bottom.
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When stomach acid helps to break down food into smaller particles this is
an example of a change.*
O Physical
Chemical
O
Elemental
о
Atomic
Answer:
chemical, is the answer your looking for
Biological approaches to treating psychological disorders presume that
(1 Point)
A.the body and the mind are not related.
B.psychotherapy is completely ineffective.
C.there is an underlying physiological reason for disturbed behavior.
D.psychological disorders can never be completely cured.
A compound is found to contain 43.64 % phosphorus and 56.36 % oxygen by weight The molecular weight for this compound is 283.88 g/mol. What is the molecular formula for this compound
A compound is found to contain 43.64 % phosphorus and 56.36 % oxygen by weight The molecular weight for this compound is 283.88 g/mol. is the molecular formula for this compound is P₂O₅.
Given that :
mass of the oxygen = 56.36 %
molar mass of the oxygen = 16 g /mol
moles of the oxygen= mass / molar mass
= 56.36 / 16
= 3.52 mol
mass of the phosphorus = 43.64 %
molar mass of the phosphorus = 31 g/mol
moles of the phosphorus = 43.64 / 31
= 1.41 mol
dividing by the smallest one :
moles of the phosphorus = 1 = 2
moles of the oxygen = 2.5 = 5
The molecular formula is P₂O₅.
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a chloride of rhenium contains 63.6% rhenium. what is the formula of this compound?
A chloride of rhenium contains 63.6% rhenium. the formula of this compound is Re2Cl3.
The chemical trirhenium nonachloride has the formula ReCl3, which is occasionally also written as Re3Cl9. It is a hygroscopic solid that is dark red in color and insoluble in common solvents. The substance is significant in the development of inorganic chemistry since it was the first cluster compound to have metal-metal links. [1] It serves as the raw ingredient for the production of various rhenium complexes. Rhenium is an atomic number 75 chemical element with the symbol Re. It is a heavy, third-row transition metal in group 7 of the periodic table that is silvery-gray in color. Rhenium is one of the rarest elements in the Earth's crust, with an estimated average concentration of 1 part per billion (ppb).
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in an experiment a piece of magnesium ribbon was cleaned with steel wool 2.4g of the clean ribbon was placed in a crucible and completely... In an experiment a piece of magnesium ribbon was cleaned with steel wool 2.4g of the clean ribbon was placed in a crucible and completely burnt in oxygen.after cooling the product weighted 4.0g. (a)explain why it was necessary to clean the magnesium ribbon? (b)what observation was made in the crucible after burning? (c)why was there an increase in mass? (d)write the equation for reaction which took place in the crucible? (e)the product in the crucible was shaken with water and filtered.
(a) It was necessary to clean the magnesium ribbon in order to remove any impurities or contaminants that might be present on the surface of the ribbon. These impurities could interfere with the burning process or alter the final products of the reaction.
(b) After burning, it is likely that an ash or residue was observed in the crucible.
(c) The increase in mass may be due to the production of new products during the burning process. These products may include magnesium oxide, which is a white solid, or other compounds formed through the reaction of magnesium with oxygen.
(d) The equation for the reaction that took place in the crucible is:
2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO
(e) When the product in the crucible is shaken with water, it is likely that any soluble products, such as magnesium hydroxide, will dissolve in the water. The remaining solid material can then be filtered out, leaving a solution containing the dissolved products.
The magnesium ribbon was cleaned to remove any impurities that could affect the reaction. After burning magnesium in oxygen, the resulting product is magnesium oxide, and the mass increases because the magnesium combines with the oxygen. The reaction equation is 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO.
Explanation:(a) It was necessary to clean the magnesium ribbon with steel wool to remove any surface oxidation or impurities that could affect the reaction.
(b) After burning, an observation that could be made in the crucible would be a white ash-like substance, which is magnesium oxide.
(c) There was an increase in mass because when magnesium reacts with oxygen, it gains mass as it combines with the oxygen to form magnesium oxide.
(d) The equation for the reaction is: 2Mg + O2 -> 2MgO
(e) When the product in the crucible was shaken with water and filtered, this procedure would typically be used to isolate the product from any remaining unreacted magnesium or other reaction by-products.
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From the information on the table, determine the Mass of
the alloy, Volume of alloy, then the density of the alloy. Be
sure to follow the rules of significant figures in calculations.
Mass of Alloy _____g Bolume of the alloy ______mL. Density of the alloy: ____g/mL.
Answer:
mass of alloy=165.36g
volume of alloy=21.2ml
density of alloy=7.8g/ml
How many ATP does ATP produce?
The bulk of ATP production occurs during cellular respiration within the mitochondrial matrix, producing around thirty-two ATP molecules for every molecule of oxidized glucose.
What is ATP?The energy currency of the cell is ATP (adenosine triphosphate). It is a natural chemical molecule made up of phosphate groups, adenine, and the sugar ribose. These molecules supply energy to the body's many metabolic operations. Therefore, it is dubbed "Energy Currency of the Cell". ATP can be utilized to store energy for future reactions or it can be used to pay for reactions when the cell need energy. Animals use ATP to store the energy received from food breakdown. Similarly, plants use ATP molecules to collect and store the energy they receive from light during photosynthesis.
Here,
The majority of ATP is produced during cellular respiration within the mitochondrial matrix, which produces around thirty-two ATP molecules for every molecule of oxidized glucose.
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On a camping trip, Marta roasts a marshmallow in the campfire. The marshmallow grows, and then turns black.
Marta notices that the roasted marshmallow smells and tastes differently than the uncooked marshmallows. What
change has taken place, and how does Marta know?
A
a chemical change because the marshmallow changed in taste, color and smell
B
no change because the marshmallow is not a new substance
с
only a physical change because the marshmallow changed size
D
a chemical change because the marshmallow only changed in pH level
Answer:
the answers for the quiz are;
1: A. appearance, composition
2: C. they link up in different ways
3: A. Shape
4: B. false
5: C. a chunky solid formed from two liquids combining
6: B. honey dissolving in tea
7: C. a red candy dissolves and turns water pink
8: liquid water becoming steam
9: D. A substance has changed chemically
10: A. a chemical change because the marshmallow changed in taste, color and smell
Explanation:
On the roasting of marshmallows, a chemical change takes place which changed their taste, color, and smell. Therefore, option (A) is correct.
What is the chemical change?A chemical change is a type of change in which the molecular composition is altered and a new substance is formed is known as a chemical change.
The changes are irreversible and permanent in chemical change. The mass of the substance is altered by adding or removing it during a chemical change.
During a chemical change, there is an energy difference in the breaking of old bonds and the formation of new bonds.
When marshmallows are roasted, a chemical change takes place. The heat causes a chemical reaction producing water molecules, which evaporate and leave carbon behind.
The marshmallow swells as the moisture inside expands, which causes the marshmallow to swell. when the moisture expands, it forms tiny holes in the marshmallow, which offer the moisture to escape as steam.
Then, the carbon present in sugar burns with the oxygen in the air. The blackened part of the marshmallow is the roasted carbon which changes the marshmallow's color.
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Analysis of a 10.150 grams sample of a compound known to contain only phosphorus and oxygen indicates a phosphorus content of 4.433 grams. What is the empirical formula of this compound
A 10.150 grams sample of a compound containing only phosphorus and oxygen which indicates a phosphorus content of 4.433 grams has the empirical formula P₂O₅.
An Empirical formula is defined as the simplest whole number ratio of different atoms present in the molecule of a compound.
given,
mass of the unknown compound= 10.150 g
mass of phosphorus= 4.433 g
therefore, mass of oxygen
=mass of the unknown compound - mass of phosphorus
=10.150-4.433 g
=5.717 g
we know that
molar mass of oxygen = 16 g/mol
molar mass of phosphorus = 31 g/mol
number of moles of oxygen
=mass/molar mass
=5.717g/16gmol⁻¹
=0.357
number of moles of phosphorus
= mass/molar mass
= 4.433g/31gmol⁻¹
=0.143
Now, we will divide the moles by the smallest number of moles (0.143)
O= 0.357 / 0.143 =2.49≈ 2.5
P= 0.143 /0.143 = 1
now, we will multiply both numbers by 2 to get the simplest whole number ratio
O= 2.5×2= 5
P= 1×2= 2
Thus, the empirical formula is P₂O₅.
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The statement "atoms have a small, dense nucleus" is true. What evidence do scientists use to prove this statement as true?
Most alpha particles shot at gold foil go straight through, without any changes in their direction.
The particles ejected in Thomson's experiment bent away from the negatively charged plates, but toward positively charged plates.
A few alpha particles shot at gold foil bounce in the opposite direction
No matter which element Thomson put in a cathode ray tube, the smae negative particles wit the same properties (such as charge and mass) were ejectected.
In the gold foil experiment, alpha particles shot at gold foil bounced in the opposite direction from a gold foil which indicated atoms have a small, dense nucleus.
What is the gold foil experiment?Rutherford’s α-particle scattering or gold foil experiment changed our perception of the atomic structure of an atom. Rutherford bombarded beams of α-particles at thin gold foil and observed how the α-particles scattered from the gold foil.
Rutherford showed that the atom has the most empty space with the nucleus at the center and electrons rotating around the atomic nucleus. Highly charged α-particles passed straight undeflected through the foil. This will be the expected result if the plum pudding model of Thomson was correct.
A few charged alpha particles were deflected backward direction leading to the positive charge concentrated in a small space.
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A ample of helium wa compreed at 35 °C from a volume of 0. 5 L to 0. 25 L where the preure i 500 mmHg. What wa the original preure?
The original pressure was 1000 mmHg.
What is pressure?Pressure is a force applied to a surface or object over a given area. Pressure can be generated in a variety of ways, including through mechanical force, electrical force, or through changes in temperature or chemical reactions. Pressure can be measured using a variety of devices, including a barometer, manometer, or gauge. Pressure is an important concept in many fields such as physics, engineering, chemistry, and medicine. It can be used to measure the force of a liquid or gas, the pressure of a liquid or gas, or the pressure at a certain depth in the ocean.
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state the precaution that must be taken in carrying out an experiment with hydrogen
Answer:
Precautions must be taken to remove all possibilities of fire or explosion.
Explanation:
Since Hydrogen is a very flamable or combustible gas, it is neccesary to avoid smoking, remove sourcs of sparks, flames or heat and hydrogen should be used in a well ventilated area.
Answer:
The generation and use of hydrogen is dangerous. Mixtures of hydrogen and air can be highly explosive. Never smoke near a place where hydrogen is generated or being used. Remove all possible sources of flame and sparks. Hydrogen should only be generated and used in a well ventilated out door area. Precautions must be taken to remove all possibilities of fire or explosion.
The first few bubbles of hydrogen gas should not be collected since they contain air mixed with the gas. Air mixed with hydrogen forms an explosive mixture.
A flame should not be brought near the apparatus since hydrogen is inflammable.
Which represents the greatest mass?
• all the same
• 1.0 mol P
• 1.0 mol I
• 1.0 mol K
• 1.0 mol Al
Answer:
it is 1 mole of I is correct
What are the 7 are elements?
The classical elements or seven elements in nature are plants, warm energy, soil, mineral, water, cold energy, and air.
Living organisms incorporate distinctly massive quantities of oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur (those 5 factors are called the majority factors), together with sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, chlorine, and phosphorus (those six factors are called microminerals). From the smallest atom to a massive whale to the sun machine itself, all matters are stated to be composed of a few aggregate of those elements. Halogens belong to group 17, and they acquire only one electron in order to attain stable electronic configuration.
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Diatomic elements are important. what makes them different from other elemental substances?
Diatomic elements are elements that exist as two atoms bound together, usually in the form of a molecule.
What is Diatomic?Diatomic molecules are molecules composed of two atoms, held together by chemical bonds. They are the simplest type of molecule, and are very common in nature. Examples of diatomic molecules include oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), hydrogen (H2), chlorine (Cl2), and iodine (I2). Diatomic molecules have a wide range of applications in various industries, such as medicine, chemistry, engineering, and energy.
This differs from other elemental substances because those substances contain only one atom. Diatomic elements are very common in nature and make up a large percentage of the atmosphere. They also have unique properties because of the two atoms being bound together. Diatomic elements are an important part of many everyday processes, from respiration to combustion to corrosion.
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Which of the following properties of covalent compounds are influenced by ionic character?
a. melting point
b. boiling point
c. viscosity
d. all of the above
The property of the covalent compound that is influenced by ionic character is boiling point. Option B
What is the ionic character?We know that for compounds, the kind of bonds that they have are usually neither here nor there. The bonds would have an ionic character and also a given amount of the covalent character.
We must note that the ionic character of a bond is very important when we discuss intermolecular interactions and they do affect the boiling points of the substances very much.
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In the reaction
2 NO(g) + O2(g) → 2 NO2(g)
when the NO concentration alone was doubled, the rate increased by a factor of 4; when both the NO and O2 concentrations were in-
creased by a factor of 2, the rate increased by a factor of 8. What is the rate law for the reaction?
Answer:
rate = [NO]²[O2]
Explanation:
The rate law for the reaction:
2 NO(g) + O2(g) → 2 NO2(g)
Is expressed in terms of reactants as follows:
rate = [NO]ⁿ[O2]ˣ
Where n and x are the coefficients of the rate law.
If [NO] is doubled, the rate increased 4 times. That is only possible if:
rate = [NO]²[O2]ˣ
Now, as [NO] is doubled and increased the rate 4 times, and [NO] + [O2] when doubled increased the rate 8 times, doubled [O2] implies increased the rate 2 times. That is only possible is:
rate = [NO]²[O2]convert formic acid into methane
The following reaction shows the products when sulfuric acid and aluminum hydroxide react.
2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 6H2O
The table shows the calculated amounts of reactants and products when the reaction was conducted in a laboratory.
What is the approximate amount of the leftover reactant?
11. 73 g of sulfuric acid
10. 33 g of sulfuric acid
11. 12 g of aluminum hydroxide
13. 67 g of aluminum hydroxide
The remaining reactant (Aluminum Hydroxide) weighs approximately 11.73 g.
Hence, Option A is correct.
Al(OH)3 has a molar mass of 78 g.H2SO4 has a molar mass of 98 g.Given:Al(OH)3 mass = 30gH2SO4 mass = 35gAl number of moles (OH)3 = 30/78 =0.385H2SO4 mole number = 35/98 = 0.357The provided reaction states that 2Al(OH)3 + 3H2SO4 Al2 (SO4)3 + 6H2OAl, 2 moles (OH)H2SO4 is equal to 3 moles.Al 1 moles (OH)H2SO4 is equal to 3/2 moles.Al 0.385 moles (OH)0.578 moles of H2SO4 are equal to 3 = (3/2) x 0.385 moles of H2SO4.But the amount of H2SO4 is only 0.357 moles.H2SO4 is the limiting reagent as a result.Al(OH)3 is produced when 0.357 moles of H2SO4 react with = 2/3 x 0.357 moles of Al(OH)3.Al(OH)3 leftovers are therefore 0.147 moles (0.385 - 0.238 moles).Al(OH)3 has a molecular weight of 78 g, hence 78 x 0.147 g is one mole.= 11.43 g11.73 g of Al(OH)3 will be left behind as a result.To know more about limiting reagent here
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What are the factors affecting the state of a substance?
There are three main factors that affect the state of a substance: temperature, pressure, and the amount of substance.
Temperature: Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles within a substance. As the temperature of matter increases, particles have more kinetic energy and move faster. This can change the state of matter from solid to liquid or from liquid to gas.
Pressure: Pressure is the force exerted on a substance per unit area. Applying pressure to a substance can change its state from gas to liquid or from liquid to solid.
Amount of Matter: The amount of matter in the system also affects its state. As the amount of matter in the system increases, the particles become more dense and the matter can change state from gas to liquid or liquid to solid.
Taken together, temperature, pressure and amount of matter are the three main factors that affect the state of matter. These factors can change the state of matter from solid to liquid, liquid to gas, or gas to solid.
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