In many states in the U.S. where the death penalty is legal, the act of homicide that is more likely to receive the death penalty is Black on white crime.
The death penalty, also referred to as capital punishment, is a legal punishment in some jurisdictions. In the United States, the legality of the death penalty varies by state. The death penalty is a controversial issue, with supporters arguing that it serves as a deterrent to crime, while opponents argue that it is ineffective and morally wrong. In many states where the death penalty is legal, Black on white crime is more likely to receive the death penalty. This is due to the fact that the justice system has historically been biased against Black people, resulting in harsher sentences and more frequent use of the death penalty when Black people are involved in crimes against white people.
This racial disparity in the application of the death penalty has been documented in numerous studies and has been a subject of debate and concern among legal experts, civil rights activists, and others who argue that the death penalty is unfairly applied.
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An example of religious intolerance is:
Ranking the other religions and treating people differently on the basis of the beliefs
Not Ranking the other religions and treating people differently on the basis of the beliefs
Examining other religions with an open perspective
All of the above
An example of religious intolerance is ranking the other religions and treating people differently based on their beliefs.
Religious intolerance refers to the lack of acceptance or respect for different religious beliefs and practices. It involves treating people differently or discriminating against them based on their religious affiliations or beliefs. Ranking the other religions and treating people differently based on their beliefs is a clear example of religious intolerance.
This can manifest in various ways, such as considering one's own religion as superior and looking down upon or marginalizing individuals who follow different faiths.
On the other hand, not ranking the other religions and treating people differently based on their beliefs would imply religious tolerance and acceptance. This approach involves recognizing the equal worth and dignity of individuals regardless of their religious beliefs. It promotes understanding, respect, and coexistence among people of different faiths.
Examining other religions with an open perspective, without prejudice or bias, is a positive approach that fosters religious tolerance. It involves seeking knowledge and understanding about different religions, their practices, and beliefs, without attempting to undermine or judge them. This open-minded approach encourages dialogue, mutual respect, and appreciation for diversity in religious beliefs and practices.
In summary, while ranking and treating people differently based on their beliefs exemplify religious intolerance, examining other religions with an open perspective promotes religious tolerance and understanding.
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Regarding Christianity, list five types of prophetic
revelation.
Christianity is a religion that has its roots in prophetic revelation. Prophetic revelations are said to have the ability to communicate a message directly from God to a person. There are several types of prophetic revelation that are found in Christianity.
Here are five of them:
Dreams: One of the most popular types of prophetic revelation is dreams. Christians believe that dreams are a way for God to communicate with His people. In the Bible, many prophets and holy men received their revelations through dreams.
Visions: Visions are another type of prophetic revelation that is common in Christianity. A vision is a supernatural experience in which a person sees something that is not visible to others.
Audible Voice: In Christianity, an audible voice is one of the most powerful and direct forms of prophetic revelation. It is believed that God speaks to His people in an audible voice, giving them guidance and direction.
Word of Knowledge: A word of knowledge is a type of prophetic revelation in which God reveals knowledge about a particular situation or person that could not be known otherwise. This type of revelation can be a powerful tool for healing and counseling.
Prophetic Utterance: A prophetic utterance is a type of prophetic revelation in which God speaks through a person. This type of revelation is often given in a public setting and is meant to encourage, edify, and comfort those who hear it.
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Hello, I need help with explaining/ describing how the current economic, political, and health crises, along with the criminalization of most sex work in the United States, impact sex workers and how sex work is seen by society.
The current economic, political, and health crises and the criminalization of sex work in the United States have severe effects on sex workers and how sex work is perceived by society. Here's a detailed explanation:
Effects on sex workers :The ongoing crises have pushed many individuals out of work, making them vulnerable to poverty, homelessness, and economic exploitation. As a result, more people, especially women and LGBTQIA+ persons, have been forced to engage in sex work to survive.
Political instability has also intensified the marginalization and criminalization of sex workers in some parts of the US. According to research, the criminalization of sex work increases the chances of violence and exploitation faced by sex workers. It also increases the risk of arrest and detention, which can affect their economic stability and livelihood.
Additionally, the criminalization of sex work limits sex workers' access to medical care, support services, and human rights protections.
Impact on society: The economic, political, and health crises, together with the criminalization of sex work in the United States, also affect how sex work is perceived by society. Society views sex work as immoral, illegal, and associated with criminal activity.
This view has resulted in sex workers being stigmatized, harassed, and mistreated by law enforcement officials and other members of the community. It also restricts sex workers' access to legal protections, labor rights, and social services.
In conclusion, the current economic, political, and health crises, combined with the criminalization of sex work, have made sex workers more vulnerable to exploitation and harm. It has also contributed to the continued stigmatization of sex work by society.
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give 5 /rhetorical devices/rhetorical sentences in
the goldfinch novel by donna tartt aspa pls
"The Goldfinch" by Donna Tartt is a richly written novel that employs various rhetorical devices to captivate readers. Here are five examples of rhetorical devices and sentences from the novel:
Simile: "The wind was a torrent of darkness among the gusty trees, The moon was a ghostly galleon tossed upon cloudy seas." - This sentence uses simile to vividly describe the atmospheric conditions, comparing the wind to a torrent and the moon to a ghostly galleon.
Hyperbole: "The ringing in my ears grew louder; it seemed as if someone were taking a pneumatic drill to a concrete sidewalk right beside me." - This sentence uses hyperbole to exaggerate the intensity of the ringing in the narrator's ears, emphasizing its overwhelming effect.
Metaphor: "Time, which sees all things, has found you out." - This sentence uses metaphor to personify time, attributing the ability to see and discover hidden truths, creating a sense of inevitability.
Alliteration: "I was mulling the magic, the inexplicable, the unbearable power of sound." - This sentence uses alliteration with the repetition of the "m" sound, which creates a rhythmic and melodic effect while emphasizing the idea of magic and power.
Repetition: "More than longing, what I felt for my mother was a kind of agonized love." - This sentence uses repetition of the phrase "more than" to emphasize the intensity and complexity of the narrator's feelings towards their mother.
These examples demonstrate how Donna Tartt skillfully employs rhetorical devices in "The Goldfinch" to enhance the imagery, evoke emotions, and engage readers in the narrative.
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blind spots: on subconscious sex and gender entitlement
JULIA SERANO
How does Serano define the phrases "gender entitlement" and "gender anxiety"? Discuss how they relate.
In Whipping Girl, the phrase "gender entitlement" was introduced by Julia Serano, and she also proposed a theory about its relation to "gender anxiety." She contends that these are interconnected concepts and can be used to examine a wide range of social problems such as sexism, homophobia, and transphobia.
Gender entitlement is a phenomenon that arises when someone feels entitled to particular societal roles, privileges, or norms based on their sex or gender identity. Gender entitlement is so ingrained in our culture that most people do not even see it until it is pointed out to them. As a result, it frequently goes unnoticed and perpetuates gender-based disparities. People with gender entitlement perceive themselves as being better than those who don't conform to their gender expectations, and they often attempt to enforce those expectations on others in a variety of ways.
Gender anxiety is defined as the anxiety or apprehension that arises when someone's gender or sexual orientation deviates from societal norms. Gender anxiety is a common experience for members of marginalized groups, who are frequently discriminated against on the basis of their gender expression or sexual orientation. They are subjected to ridicule, harassment, and violence, resulting in a sense of anxiety or stress that can lead to depression and other mental health issues.
Serano argues that gender entitlement and gender anxiety are closely linked concepts that can be used to better understand the social norms that shape our understanding of gender. According to Serano, gender entitlement is a result of individuals internalizing societal norms about gender and sex, resulting in the belief that one's own gender identity is superior to others. Gender anxiety, on the other hand, is caused by the feeling that one's own gender identity is inadequate or inferior. Serano suggests that the root cause of gender anxiety is gender entitlement, which leads people to feel anxious and threatened by individuals who don't conform to their gender norms.
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How does the movie Narnia align with the Christian worldview
teachings?
The movie "Narnia" series, based on the books by C.S. Lewis, has often been interpreted as aligning with Christian worldview teachings. Here are some key elements that connect the story to Christian themes:
1. Allegorical Representation: The Chronicles of Narnia series is often seen as an allegory for Christian theology and biblical narratives. The lion character, Aslan, represents Jesus Christ, while other characters and events parallel biblical figures and stories. This allegorical representation allows the movies to convey Christian teachings in a symbolic and accessible way.
2. Redemption and Sacrifice: The theme of redemption and sacrifice is prominent throughout the Narnia movies. Aslan's sacrificial death and subsequent resurrection mirror the biblical story of Jesus' crucifixion and resurrection, emphasizing the Christian belief in the redemptive power of sacrifice.
3. Good vs. Evil: The battle between good and evil is a central theme in Narnia, mirroring the Christian belief in the ultimate victory of good over evil. The characters' choices and actions often reflect moral struggles and the importance of making virtuous decisions.
4. Christian Virtues: The movies portray and emphasize Christian virtues such as courage, faith, forgiveness, loyalty, and selflessness. Characters are faced with moral dilemmas and are encouraged to demonstrate these virtues, aligning with Christian teachings on ethical living.
5. Spiritual Transformation: The Narnia movies depict characters undergoing spiritual transformation and growth. They learn valuable lessons, experience personal change, and ultimately develop a deeper understanding of themselves and their faith, which parallels the Christian concept of spiritual growth and enlightenment.
6. Divine Presence and Guidance: The presence of Aslan in the Narnia movies represents the divine presence and guidance often associated with God in Christianity. Aslan provides wisdom, comfort, and direction to the characters, paralleling the belief in God's involvement in human lives.
It's important to note that interpretations of the Narnia movies may vary, and not everyone may view them strictly through a Christian lens. However, the above elements are commonly identified by those who see the movies as reflecting Christian worldview teachings and principles.
Question 15 1 pts Determine which of the following fallacies applies to the example, if any: You're either with us or against us. O false dilemma O slippery slope fallacy O straw man fallacy O begging
The fallacy that applies to the statement "You're either with us or against us" is the false dilemma fallacy.
The false dilemma fallacy, also known as the either/or fallacy or the black-and-white fallacy, occurs when only two extreme options are presented as the only possibilities, overlooking any potential middle ground or alternative solutions. In this example, the speaker is asserting that there are only two choices: being in complete agreement and alignment with "us" or being against "us." This oversimplifies the situation by disregarding any nuanced positions or alternative perspectives that may exist.
The false dilemma fallacy is a common tactic used in rhetoric to polarize and manipulate an audience by limiting their choices and framing the argument in a way that favors one particular side. It attempts to eliminate the possibility of any middle ground or alternative viewpoints, thereby making it difficult for individuals to express their own nuanced opinions or explore alternative options. However, in reality, there are often multiple possibilities or shades of gray that can be considered. Recognizing and avoiding the false dilemma fallacy is important for promoting critical thinking and fostering more inclusive and comprehensive discussions.
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Loftus and Palmer (1974. asked participants to watch a short film depicting a motor vehicle accident. After the film, the participants were asked one of five questions. The five questions were: How fast were the cars going when they smashed each other? How fast were the cars going when they collided with each other? How fast were the cars going when they bumped each other? How fast were the cars going when they hit each other? How fast were the cars going when they contacted each other? They found that O estimates of speed were affected by word choice. o when the words "smashed" or "collided" were used, participants had more false memories when the words "hit" or "contacted" were used, participants had fewer false memories. O participants were so rattled by the film that most reported no memory of the accident
Loftus and Palmer (1974) found that participants' estimates of the speed of a motor vehicle accident were influenced by the wording of the questions asked, demonstrating the malleability of memory and the impact of language on perception.
In the study conducted by Loftus and Palmer in 1974, they found that participants' estimates of the speed of a motor vehicle accident were influenced by the specific wording used in the questions asked. When participants were asked how fast the cars were going when they "smashed" or "collided" with each other, they were more likely to have false memories and overestimate the speed. On the other hand, when participants were asked how fast the cars were going when they "hit" or "contacted" each other, they had fewer false memories and tended to provide lower speed estimates.
These findings highlight the impact of language on memory and how subtle changes in wording can lead to significant differences in participants' recollection and perception of an event. The study suggests that the use of more intense and emotionally loaded words like "smashed" or "collided" can create a bias towards higher speed estimates and potentially even influence the formation of false memories.
Interestingly, the study also noted that participants were so emotionally affected by the film depicting the accident that many reported having no memory of the event at all. This suggests that the emotional arousal and stress caused by witnessing such an event can influence memory recall, leading to gaps or missing recollections of the actual incident.
Overall, Loftus and Palmer's study sheds light on the malleability of memory and the susceptibility of individuals to external influences, such as language choice and emotional states, in shaping their recollection of past events.
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The question discusses Loftus and Palmer's (1974) psychology study, which indicates how language framing in questions impacts memory recall. The study found that more intense verbs led to higher speed estimates and more false memories of a witnessed car accident.
Explanation:This question discusses a study by Loftus and Palmer (1974) relating to the power of suggestion and its influence on memory. This study considered a landmark in the field of cognitive psychology, demonstrates how the language used in a question can reshape an individual's memory of an event. The subtle difference in the wording of questions regarding the speed of the vehicles in the witnessed motor accident ('smashed', 'collided', 'bumped', 'hit', 'contacted') affected the participants' recollection of the event's specifics. The more severe verbs ('smashed', 'collided') led to higher speed estimates and more reports of false memories, like the presence of broken glass, than the less intense verbs ('hit', 'contacted').
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What do all of these different thinkers have in common in terms
of their political thought? (hint: look at the section titled "The
Hundred Schools")
The Hundred Schools, a period of ancient Chinese philosophy, encompassed diverse schools of thought that aimed to understand and manage various aspects of reality, including governance, war, and power. They shared the goal of comprehending the world.
The Hundred Schools of ancient Chinese philosophy were characterized by their diversity and their shared interest in understanding and explaining the world around them. These schools explored topics such as governance, power, and war, seeking to gain insights into these crucial aspects of human society. While they had different ideas about how to achieve their goals, they all shared a common objective of comprehending and managing reality in its various domains.
Despite their differences, the thinkers within The Hundred Schools also had many similarities. They all sought to understand the world and its workings, recognizing the importance of governance, power dynamics, and war in society. They also pondered the need for harmony and balance among different groups in society, irrespective of their social status. This indicates a shared concern for the well-being and stability of the community as a whole.
During the Hundred Schools period, no dominant political philosophy emerged. However, it is widely believed that the schools laid the groundwork for the development of influential philosophies such as Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism, which have profoundly impacted Chinese politics and society. Furthermore, the ideologies of the Hundred Schools can be compared to modern political theories like liberalism, conservatism, and socialism. These theories similarly aim to define the proper relationship between individuals and society and the most effective means of governing society.
The Hundred Schools of ancient Chinese philosophy were characterized by their diverse range of schools of thought. Despite their differences, these schools shared a common goal of understanding and managing reality, particularly in areas related to governance, power, and war. Their ideologies, while not leading to a dominant political philosophy during that period, laid the foundation for influential philosophies like Confucianism, Daoism, and Legalism. Additionally, the ideas of the Hundred Schools can be analyzed in relation to modern political theories, illustrating the enduring quest to define the appropriate relationship between individuals and society and to develop effective governing principles.
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Based on what we have discussed and what you have read in your textbook, what could be the effect or influence of the COVID-19 pandemic (NOT the symptoms of COVID-19 itself, but our lockdowns and other ways to solve it) on the development of eating disorders? Use one eating disorder (pick one only) and use that as an example to answer this question.
The pandemic has exacerbated risk factors and created new challenges for individuals susceptible to anorexia nervosa, such as increased social isolation, disrupted routines, heightened anxiety, and limited access to treatment and support.
The pandemic and its associated lockdowns have created a perfect storm of factors that can contribute to the development or worsening of anorexia nervosa. Firstly, the increased social isolation resulting from lockdown measures can intensify feelings of loneliness and exacerbate negative thoughts and behaviors related to body image and weight. Limited social interactions may further prevent individuals from seeking or receiving early intervention or support.
Secondly, disrupted routines and increased stress levels due to the pandemic can disrupt eating patterns and exacerbate anxiety-related symptoms. The uncertainty and fear associated with the pandemic can lead to heightened control-seeking behaviors, including restrictive eating, excessive exercise, and obsessive monitoring of food intake.
Lastly, access to treatment and support services has been significantly impacted during the pandemic. Many eating disorder treatment centers and clinics have faced restrictions or closures, making it challenging for individuals to access the necessary care. Virtual alternatives may not be as effective or accessible for everyone, leading to delays or gaps in treatment.
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A historian us writing an essay explaining how changing technology has led to cultural shifts thoughts the world. He wants to include a passage meant to inspire readers to continue reasearching the topic further after they finish reading his work.where should he include this passage?
Answer:
The historian should include the passage meant to inspire readers to continue researching the topic further in the conclusion of his essay. The conclusion is an appropriate place to leave the readers with a final thought or call to action. By placing the passage at the end of the essay, the historian can leave a lasting impression on the readers and encourage them to explore the topic of changing technology and cultural shifts in more depth on their own.
Explanation:
1. Define Selective Attention and explain what it is. Give examples and statistics from the Gorilla and Cell Phone articles.\
2. From the TV Zombies article - explain what happens in our brain when we watch TV -then explain some of the negative consequences of spending too much time watching TV!
3. From Chapter 3 in our text explain WHY we sleep.
4. From Chapter 3 - explain what happens to us if we don't get our 7 to 8 hours of sleep.
5. From the Optimism text (p.416-417) explain how one could effectively manage and deal with ANGER.
Selective Attention- Selective Attention is a cognitive process that involves giving importance or focus on certain aspects of the environment while ignoring others. It is the ability to focus on a specific stimulus while filtering out other information, especially those that are irrelevant.
Selective attention is crucial in our daily lives, especially in decision making. When our brains selectively attend to a particular event, we develop a strong neural representation of that event, enabling us to better understand and remember it. Examples and statistics from the Gorilla and Cell Phone articles:Gorilla Article: In this article, the selective attention test was used to prove that people are less likely to notice things they are not looking for. In this test, the researchers found that only half of the participants noticed the gorilla in the video. This phenomenon is known as "inattentional blindness."Cell Phone Article: The study used inattentional blindness to show that people who are on their cell phones are less likely to notice things in their environment.
According to the research, people on their phones are 50% less likely to notice a unicycling clown than those not on their phone.2. TV Zombies ArticleTV stimulates the production of dopamine, a chemical that regulates the brain's pleasure and reward centers. It creates a sense of pleasure that makes us want to continue watching. The result is that people become addicted to TV, and their brain eventually rewires to require the stimulation. In essence, TV becomes a source of gratification, and the brain craves it. Negative consequences of spending too much time watching TV include obesity, poor academic performance, increased aggression, and disrupted sleep patterns.
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Answer one of the following questions in around 200 words. Quote from the text to help make your point.
1. Describe Descartes' methodical doubt. What reasons does he give for doubting everything he thinks he knows?
2. The one thing Descartes is certain of, he says, is that he exists. How is he certain of this, and what kind of thing is he?
3. Locke thinks that all our ideas come from the senses (or reflection). Do these ideas give an accurate representation of the world according to Locke? What is the difference between primary and secondary qualities?
4. Berkeley is an empiricist (that is, he thinks all information comes from the senses) and he thinks that everything that exists is spirit - he says, in paragraph 7 (p. 101) that "there is not any other substance than spirit, or that which perceives." Why does he say this?
2. Descartes employs methodical doubt to question the reliability of his beliefs and to seek indubitable truths as a foundation for knowledge.
Descartes arrives at his famous dictum, "Cogito, ergo sum" or "I think, therefore I am," as the foundation of his certain knowledge. He reaches this certainty through a process of methodical doubt, in which he systematically questions the reliability of his senses, his beliefs, and even the possibility of an evil deceiver manipulating his thoughts.
However, he realizes that the act of doubting itself requires a thinking subject: "But there is a deceiver of supreme power and cunning who is deliberately and constantly deceiving me. In that case, I too undoubtedly exist, if he is deceiving me; and let him deceive me as much as he can, he will never bring it about that I am nothing, so long as I think that I am something" (Meditation II).
Descartes establishes his certainty of existence based on the fact that he is engaged in doubting, thinking, and reasoning. He concludes that even if all his beliefs are false, there must be a thinking entity that is deceived or doubting. This thinking entity, which he identifies as "I" or the self, is not dependent on the physical body but rather on the act of thinking itself. Descartes asserts that he is a thinking thing, a mind or a soul, distinct from the body: "I am not lodged in my body as a sailor is lodged in a ship" (Meditation II).
Descartes' certainty of his existence is based on the indubitable experience of thinking, regardless of the reliability of his senses or the external world. He considers himself a thinking thing or a conscious being, distinct from the material world, and this self-awareness forms the foundation upon which he seeks to rebuild his knowledge and understanding of reality.
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We are governed by nonverbal rules of behavior. Something as simple as avoiding eye contact with someone we don't know when we get on an elevator with them is an expectation of nonverbal behavior. For this discussion start by going out and breaking TWO nonverbal rules of behavior. This does not mean you can break the law or frighten or intimidate anyone! Also keep in mind any rules of social distancing at this time!! I DON'T WANT ANYONE GIVING OR CATCHING COVID FROM THIS ASSIGNMENT. Keep it simple below are some examples of what you might do. All can be done online or by phone if necessary you will still get reactions. Talk overly loudly to someone you know or vice versa mumble or speak quietly to someone you know. Avoid eye contact with someone who knows you well. Stand further away from someone than normal and try to converse. Wear something unusual - like your pajamas to walmart:) or two shoes that don't match. Honk and wave at people at the stop light on the road next to you like you know them. Use the silent treatment and don't respond when someone asks you a question. At dinner take food off of someones plate and eat it (only do this with someone you know). These are just some examples of what you might do. Have fun but DO NOT INTIMIDATE, OR FRIGHTEN ANYONE!!! DO NOT CAUSE DISRUPTIONS IN ANY CLASSROOMS OR PUBLIC PLACES!! After you get responses you can tell the person it was for an assignment for your class. In your initial response describe the rules you broke and the responses you got from others. Answer the following questions in your response. Why are we so driven to follow nonverbal rules? Did you find breaking the rules liberating or nerve wracking? Why do you think you personally have no problems breaking rules or hate breaking rules? Where have you learned about nonverbal rules? Who taught you the rules? Which rules are the most and least important to you. (250-300 words)
Nonverbal behavior rules are really important in how people act around each other, and there are lots of reasons why people follow them. We follow these rules so that people can get along and understand each other better.
What is the nonverbal rules of behaviorNonverbal things like looking someone in the eyes, how close you are, and how you speak all help you communicate well and understand what's expected in social situations.
Breaking body language rules can feel scary or exciting, depending on the person and the rule they're breaking. Breaking rules can make some feel free and rebellious, but make others feel uneasy because they are scared of what people might think about them.
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What does the poem suggest was the public perception of
Prohibition in 1931?
That it was effective, but produced some organized crime.
That it was hated for how well it worked.
That is wasn't working,
The poem "What Prohibition Has Done to America" by William F. Kirk depicts the negative consequences of prohibition in the United States during the 1920s and 1930s. Prohibition refers to the period when the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol were legally prohibited. The poem reflects the prevailing public perception that prohibition was ineffective and had detrimental effects on society.
William F. Kirk's poem paints a bleak picture of America during the prohibition era. He highlights the widespread disregard for the law and the rapid rise of organized crime. The poem emphasizes the ease with which illegal liquor was obtained and the corruption within law enforcement agencies responsible for enforcing the ban. Kirk also underscores the economic impact, noting the closure of numerous businesses that relied on the alcohol industry.
In summary, the poem "What Prohibition Has Done to America" suggests that the general sentiment among the public in 1931 was that prohibition was not achieving its intended goals. The depiction of the negative consequences of prohibition in the poem reflects the prevalent view that the ban on alcohol was not effective in curbing alcohol consumption and had significant social and economic repercussions.
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(B) Match an expression in A with a line in B. A 1. She's made the big time as a writer. 2. We'll never make the airport in time. 3. What does she do for a living? 4. You'll have to do more overtime and work weekends. 5. How much do you want to borrow? $20? 6. How much Spanish do you speak? 7. I hear the boss said you'd done really well. B She's an accountant. I can make myself understood. Yeah. It really made my day. The traffic's too bad. She can command $20 million a book. Great. That'll do fine. That does it! I'm going to look for another job!
1. She's made the big time as a writer. - She can command $20 million a book.
2. We'll never make the airport in time. - The traffic's too bad.
3. What does she do for a living? - She's an accountant.
4. You'll have to do more overtime and work weekends. - That does it! I'm going to look for another job!
5. How much do you want to borrow? $20? - Yeah. That'll do fine.
6. How much Spanish do you speak? - I can make myself understood.
7. I hear the boss said you'd done really well. - Yeah. It really made my day.
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Humans have the ability to link a consequence to a behavior even if they aren't linked sequentially in time. This is an example of O A Law of Effect ОВ. Spontaneous Recovery OC Conditioned Reinforcement OD Delayed Reinforcement
The ability of humans to link a consequence to a behavior even if they aren't linked sequentially in time is an example of O. Law of Effect.
Law of Effect is a term coined by Edward Thorndike, which explains the principle of reinforcement. According to Thorndike, if a response to a situation is followed by a satisfying consequence, it is likely to be repeated in a similar situation. And, if a response to a situation is followed by an unpleasant consequence, it is less likely to be repeated in a similar situation. This principle is known as the Law of Effect.
Conditions of learning that may make the behavior either more or less probable to occur are known as consequences. Consequences can be categorized as reinforcers and punishers. Reinforcement, either positive or negative, increases the probability of the behavior to occur again, whereas punishment, either positive or negative, reduces the probability of the behavior to occur again. In conclusion, the ability of humans to link a consequence to a behavior even if they aren't linked sequentially in time is an example of the Law of Effect.
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What are critical questions to ask about an image to understand
its true meaning as distinct from its intended message?
Critical questions to ask about an image to understand its true meaning involve examining its symbols, emotions, cultural context, power dynamics, audience interpretations, hidden messages, and the relationship between the image and its intended message.
When analyzing an image to understand its true meaning, it is essential to ask critical questions that go beyond the intended message. Some of these questions may include:
What symbols or visual elements are present in the image, and how do they contribute to the overall message?
What emotions or reactions does the image evoke, and why?
What cultural, historical, or contextual factors might influence the interpretation of the image?
Are there any power dynamics or social hierarchies depicted or implied in the image?
How might different audiences or individuals interpret the image differently based on their backgrounds and experiences?
Are there any hidden or underlying messages within the image that may require further analysis?
What is the relationship between the image and its intended audience, and how might this impact its true meaning?
By asking these critical questions, we can delve deeper into the layers of an image and uncover nuances, contradictions, or alternative interpretations that may challenge or expand upon the intended message. It allows us to critically engage with visual media and develop a more nuanced understanding of its true meaning.
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The first big decision of the Organization of African Unity was
to affirm territorial integrity. Why was this important?
The Organization of African Unity's decision to affirm territorial integrity as its first major decision was important in fostering stability and unity among African nations. It aimed to address the challenges of border disputes and colonial legacies, promote sovereignty, and establish a foundation for peaceful coexistence and cooperation.
The decision to affirm territorial integrity as the first major decision of the Organization of African Unity (OAU) was significant for several reasons:
1. Addressing Border Disputes: Many African nations faced territorial disputes and conflicts resulting from colonial legacies, arbitrary borders, and competing territorial claims.
Affirming territorial integrity emphasized the importance of respecting established borders and resolving disputes through peaceful means, such as negotiations and diplomatic channels. This decision aimed to prevent border-related conflicts and promote stability within the continent.
2. Promoting Sovereignty and Independence: The affirmation of territorial integrity served as a declaration of African nations' sovereignty and independence. By recognizing the sanctity of their borders, the OAU emphasized the right of each nation to self-determination and non-interference from external forces. This decision aimed to safeguard African nations' autonomy and foster a sense of national identity and pride.
3. Establishing Peaceful Coexistence: Affirming territorial integrity was crucial in promoting peaceful coexistence among African nations. By acknowledging the inviolability of borders, the OAU sought to create a framework for resolving conflicts and disputes through dialogue and diplomatic efforts rather than resorting to military actions or territorial aggression.
This decision aimed to establish a culture of peaceful dispute resolution and cooperation, contributing to regional stability and development.
4. Countering Colonial Legacy: The affirmation of territorial integrity also aimed to address the lingering effects of colonialism in Africa. Many African nations had experienced arbitrary border demarcations and division during the colonial era, which often disregarded ethnic, cultural, and historical factors.
By upholding territorial integrity, the OAU aimed to challenge the legacy of colonial borders and encourage a sense of unity and solidarity among African nations.
In summary, the OAU's decision to affirm territorial integrity as its first major decision was important for fostering stability, promoting sovereignty, resolving border disputes peacefully, and countering the colonial legacy in Africa. This decision laid the foundation for cooperation, unity, and the pursuit of shared goals within the continent.
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1.
Children struggle to regulate their own aggression. This is a
function of the slow development of this brain region:
Select one:
a. the brainstem
b. the frontal lobes
c. the temporo-parietal region
The slow development of the frontal lobes is responsible for children's struggle to regulate their own aggression. So, the correct option is b.
The frontal lobes of the brain play a crucial role in executive functions, including impulse control, emotional regulation, and decision-making. These functions are essential for regulating and inhibiting aggressive behaviors. However, the frontal lobes are among the last brain regions to fully mature, with significant development occurring throughout childhood and adolescence.
During early childhood, the connections between the frontal lobes and other brain regions involved in emotional processing and behavioral regulation are still developing. This slower development of the frontal lobes contributes to children's difficulties in managing and controlling their aggression. They may exhibit impulsive and reactive behaviors, struggle with emotional regulation, and have difficulty considering the consequences of their actions.
As children grow older and their frontal lobes continue to mature, they gradually acquire better cognitive and emotional regulation skills, leading to improved self-control and reduced aggressive behaviors. The development of the frontal lobes is influenced by various factors, including genetic predispositions, environmental experiences, and social interactions.
In summary, the slow development of the frontal lobes is responsible for children's struggles in regulating their own aggression. As the frontal lobes gradually mature, children gain better impulse control, emotional regulation, and decision-making abilities, leading to improved self-control and decreased aggression.
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As public health and health disparities expert, Dr. Thomas LaVeist writes, "Group identity is very important to humans. It goes to the core of who we are and where we see ourselves fitting into the world. There is nothing more human than to think in terms of in-groups. At a fundamental psychological level, we think of ourselves as belonging to this group and not belonging to that group. And we all belong to many groups".
LaVeist could not be more right - we all belong to many groups; however, sometimes and often many times (either consciously or unconsciously) we think and act according to racial, ethnic, and cultural stereotypes. The PBS What Is Race? website and the lived experience activities remind us of this.
Think about a time in which you acted, reacted, behaved, and/or thought according to a racial, ethnic, and cultural stereotype.
Discuss the ways in which we can work towards reminding ourselves and others that differences exist within groups and not just across groups. How can we work against racial, ethnic, and cultural stereotypes in our lives, at school, at work, and/or in the health care setting?
One of the ways that can help in reminding ourselves and others that differences exist within groups and not just across groups is by educating ourselves. The following are the ways we can work towards reminding ourselves and others that differences exist within groups and not just across groups:
1. Educate ourselves on cultural diversity and the importance of inclusivity
2. Engage with people of different races, ethnicities, and cultures
3. Challenge stereotypes and bias through self-reflection and critical thinking
4. Use language that is respectful and inclusive to all
5. Promote cultural sensitivity and competence in our personal and professional lives
6. Advocate for policies and programs that support diversity and inclusivity in the workplace, education, and healthcare settings.
In order to work against racial, ethnic, and cultural stereotypes in our lives, at school, at work, and/or in the health care setting, the following are some of the steps that can be taken:
1. Acknowledge our own biases and prejudices
2. Challenge negative stereotypes and biases
3. Listen to and learn from people of different cultures and backgrounds
4. Avoid assumptions and generalizations about people based on their race, ethnicity, or culture
5. Speak out against discriminatory language or behavior
6. Advocate for policies and programs that support diversity and inclusivity in the workplace, education, and healthcare settings
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QUESTION 7 The lecture notes cite that O Character, Competence O Competence, Culture O Character, Culture O Character, Clarity and are huge considerations in global strategy.
According to the lecture notes, two important considerations in global strategy are character and culture. Character refers to the values, ethics, and reputation of a company, while culture refers to the cultural norms, customs, and preferences of the target market.
Character is essential in global strategy as it influences how a company is perceived by stakeholders and customers. It includes aspects such as integrity, honesty, and ethical practices. A company with a strong character is more likely to build trust and establish long-term relationships with its global partners and customers.
Culture is another crucial factor in global strategy. Understanding the cultural differences and adapting to the local culture is vital for successful market entry and operations in foreign markets. This includes considerations such as language, communication styles, consumer behavior, and cultural preferences. Adapting to the local culture helps companies tailor their products, marketing messages, and business practices to resonate with the target market, increasing the chances of success.
In addition to character and culture, other important considerations in global strategy include competence and clarity. Competence refers to the skills, capabilities, and expertise of a company to compete effectively in the global market. Clarity involves having a clear strategic vision and goals, as well as effective communication within the organization and with external stakeholders.
Taking these considerations into account allows companies to develop a comprehensive global strategy that addresses the unique challenges and opportunities of international markets.
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Question 2 (5 points) Why is studying psychology is very important? Explain your points.
Studying psychology is important because it helps us understand human behavior, mental processes, and the complexities of the mind. It provides insights into individual and social dynamics, promotes self-awareness, and offers practical applications in various fields such as education, healthcare, business, and social services.
Studying psychology is very important for following reasons:
Understanding Human Behavior: Psychology helps us gain a deeper understanding of why individuals think, feel, and behave the way they do. Through studying psychology, we explore topics such as cognition, emotions, personality, motivation, and social interactions. This knowledge enhances our comprehension of human behavior, both at the individual and group levels, contributing to better insights into ourselves and others.
Promoting Self-Awareness: Psychology encourages self-reflection and self-awareness. By studying psychology, we gain insights into our own thoughts, emotions, and behaviors, fostering personal growth and self-improvement. It allows us to identify patterns, biases, and psychological factors that influence our decision-making, relationships, and overall well-being.
Practical Applications: Psychology has numerous practical applications in various fields. In education, understanding psychological principles helps teachers create effective learning environments and tailor instruction to students' needs. In healthcare, psychology contributes to mental health treatment, stress management, and improving patient-provider relationships. In business, psychology informs marketing strategies, team dynamics, and consumer behavior. Additionally, psychology plays a vital role in social services, counseling, and community outreach, helping individuals cope with challenges and promoting well-being.
Enhancing Critical Thinking: Psychology develops critical thinking skills by encouraging students to evaluate research findings, analyze data, and question assumptions. It teaches us to think objectively, examine evidence, and differentiate between valid information and pseudoscience. These critical thinking skills are valuable in various aspects of life, enabling us to make informed decisions, evaluate claims, and solve problems effectively.
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The world has seen big progress on the Internet and online video games. Although there are many benefits in playing video games, some users cannot control how much time they spend on the Internet. In 2010, a couple was charged with the murder of their daughter through neglect. The parents were busy playing video games for many hours each day. In 2019, a single father who spent much of his time in Internet cafes was arrested after his two-year-old son starved to death. These days, many employees were fired because they spent most of their time playing video games at work. It is believed that addiction to video games has become a serious problem. One of the main signs of an addiction is failure to allocate a reasonable amount of time for video games. For example, people addicted to video games may play for 10 or more hours a day, often late into the night. The lack of sleep this causes can lead to exhaustion.
This affects their school, work, or social life. Students may fail certain subjects due to lack of focus in class. Employees’ motivation and productivity may decrease. Some may lose their job too. All of these could happen because they cannot concentrate at work or at school. In addition, those who play a lot of video games spend too much time in their own rooms.
This will certainly hurt their relationship with the people around them. Often, they do not have a realistic view on how much time they spend playing video games and how it is affecting their lives. The people at risk of developing this addiction are probably those who are unhappy with their lives. They either have a problem at home, work, or school or have emotional problems. They want to escape reality by playing video games. Frequently, video games give them something that is missing in their real lives. For example, after many weeks of game play, they may feel a sense of achievement that they do not get in their real lives. Besides, those who have social anxiety will be more comfortable to find friends in a multi-player online game.
They believe it is much easier to meet people online than it is to meet people face to face. In addition to that, they feel that they interact with their friends better online. This is because it is much easier to control characters in a game than a real human. This will give them a feeling of social control that they do not have in their real lives. Playing video games can be a source of great fun, but too much of a good thing is bad. Luckily, video game addiction can be treated. However, there is no specific treatment. Depending on how bad the addiction is, different types of therapy would be successful. Some doctors believe that medicines can be helpful if the individual has depression or anxiety. They believe that once the illnessis treated, the internet addiction will go away as well. People addicted to video games need to seek help before the games take over their lives.
The reasons why people get addicted to video games include for escape, reward, and loss of control.
How do people become addicted to video games ?Video games can provide a way to escape from difficult or stressful situations in real life. Video games are designed to be rewarding, with players often receiving positive reinforcement for completing tasks or achieving goals. This can lead to a cycle of addiction, as players continue to play in order to experience the same feeling of reward.
People who are addicted to video games often find it difficult to control their gaming behavior. They may start out playing for a short amount of time, but then find themselves playing for hours on end without realizing it.
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The question is:
How do people become addicted to the video games based on the excerpt.
Question 1 (3 points) Which of the following provides evidence of the importance of genes in determining personality: That monozygotic twins raised together score more similarly on measures of their personality traits than monozygotic twins raised apart O That dizygotic twins score more similarly on measures of their personality traits than non- twin siblings That monozygotic twins score more similarly on measures of their personality traits than dizygotic twins That dizygotic twins raised together score more similarly on measures of their personality traits than dizygotic twins raised apart
The answer is (c) That monozygotic twins score more similarly on measures of their personality traits than dizygotic twins.
The statement "That monozygotic twins score more similarly on measures of their personality traits than dizygotic twins" provides evidence of the importance of genes in determining personality.
Explanation: Genetics has a significant impact on personality, according to numerous studies. Genetics and environmental factors both contribute to the development of personality, but the degree to which genes and environmental influences contribute to personality development is uncertain.
Researchers rely on twin studies to better understand the influence of genetics and the environment on personality development.
By comparing identical (monozygotic) twins, who share all of their genes, to fraternal (dizygotic) twins, who only share half of their genes, researchers can better understand the impact of genetics on personality.
The following provides evidence of the importance of genes in determining personality:
That monozygotic twins score more similarly on measures of their personality traits than dizygotic twins:
This is evidence of genetic influences on personality, given that identical twins share all of their genes, whereas fraternal twins share only half of their genes.
If monozygotic twins are more similar in their personality traits than dizygotic twins, genetics may play a significant role in determining personality traits.
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All of the following statements about inclusive education are true except one. Which statement is FALSE? Select one: a. Without the expertise of circulating special ed teachers, inclusive education can not be successful. b. Many schools dump children with disabilities onto teachers and call it inclusive education. c. Inclusive education attends to the social and emotional needs as well as the academic needs of children with disabilities. d. Having children with severe disabilities in a normal classroom will bring down the education of the other children without disabilities.
The false statement is:
d. Having children with severe disabilities in a normal classroom will bring down the education of the other children without disabilities.
Inclusive education aims to provide equal educational opportunities and support to students with disabilities by integrating them into regular classrooms alongside their peers without disabilities. Research and experience have shown that inclusive education, when implemented effectively, benefits all students involved. It promotes diversity, fosters empathy and understanding, and enhances social and emotional development.
The other statements are true:
a. Without the expertise of circulating special ed teachers, inclusive education can not be successful. Inclusive education often requires the support and guidance of specialized educators who can provide additional resources, accommodations, and strategies to meet the unique needs of students with disabilities.
b. Many schools dump children with disabilities onto teachers and call it inclusive education. Unfortunately, some schools may claim to practice inclusive education without providing adequate support or resources for students with disabilities, which can lead to an inadequate implementation of inclusive practices.
c. Inclusive education attends to the social and emotional needs as well as the academic needs of children with disabilities. Inclusive education recognizes that students with disabilities require not only academic support but also social and emotional support to thrive in the educational setting. It promotes a holistic approach to education that addresses the diverse needs of all students.
It is important to ensure that inclusive education is implemented with proper support, resources, and commitment to creating an inclusive and supportive environment for all students, regardless of their abilities. When implemented effectively, inclusive education can provide numerous benefits and opportunities for all students involved.
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What are the standard sections in a research article,
dissertation, or report? Describe each section and what it should
contain
Title section contains the name of the research article, dissertation or report, the author's name, the author's institution, and the date. Abstract A summary of the study is presented in this section.
A research article, dissertation or report is made up of several standard sections.
The different sections of a research article, dissertation or report are as follows: Title section contains the name of the research article, dissertation or report, the author's name, the author's institution, and the date. Abstract A summary of the study is presented in this section.
The reader should be able to get a brief overview of the research study from the abstract.
Introduction: The aim and scope of the study are described in this section. It is intended to provide background information on the research study and to inform the reader of the research question.
Literature Review :In this section, the research study's previous relevant literature is examined. It also provides an overview of the research subject and the research problem. Methodology This section explains how the study was conducted, the procedures used, and the methods that were used.
Results: The data that were obtained during the research are presented in this section. It also provides information about the research results.
Discussion :This section explains the significance of the research study and the researcher's findings. It also provides suggestions and recommendations for future research.
Conclusion: The conclusion summarizes the study's findings and describes the research study's implications.
Reference: The sources of the research are listed in this section.
Appendices :The information that supports the study, such as graphs, charts, tables, and statistical analyses, is included in this section.
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Integrated approaches: are considered "sloppy eclecticism" are rarely used by helpers are based on techniques, rather than underlying theory require self-awareness, as well as awareness of limitations
Integrated approaches are based on techniques rather than underlying theory. They require self-awareness, as well as an awareness of limitations. Despite their reputation for being "sloppy eclecticism," they are not rarely used by helpers.
An integrated approach to helping others refers to the blending of theories and methods from different models of therapy or interventions to improve client outcomes. This means that rather than being limited to a single theoretical orientation or methodology, practitioners integrate different ideas and methods that they find to be helpful in treating a particular problem. Integrated approaches tend to focus more on the needs of the client than the ideas of the practitioner. The practitioner may need to use their knowledge of a variety of theories to apply the most effective techniques. Integrated approaches tend to work better for clients than treatments that focus on a single approach. For example, an individual may benefit more from a combination of techniques and approaches than from a single approach. Despite their reputation for being "sloppy eclecticism," they are not rarely used by helpers.
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Janie was abused as a child but does not remember the abuse or much of her childhood. She is probably suffering from Select one: Oa dissociative fugue. b. physiological amnesia. c. somatoform disorder. Od. dissociative amnesia.
Janie is likely suffering from (D) dissociative amnesia, as she does not remember her childhood or the abuse she experienced.
Dissociative amnesia is a psychological disorder characterized by an inability to recall important personal information, usually due to a traumatic or stressful event. In Janie's case, the abuse she endured as a child may have been so traumatic that her mind repressed the memories as a defense mechanism. This type of amnesia typically involves the selective loss of autobiographical memories, while other cognitive functions remain intact.
The dissociative amnesia experienced by Janie is different from physiological amnesia, which is caused by physical factors such as brain injury or disease. It is also distinct from somatoform disorder, which involves the presence of physical symptoms without a clear medical explanation.
Janie's lack of memory specifically related to her childhood abuse points to dissociative amnesia as the most likely explanation for her condition. Hence, Janie's inability to remember her childhood abuse suggests that she is suffering from dissociative amnesia, a form of memory loss associated with traumatic experiences.
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Why does Philip Hallie argue that hospitality is the opposite of
cruelty? Use at least one example to illustrate his argument.
Philip Hallie argues that hospitality is the opposite of cruelty. According to him, hospitality and cruelty exist in two different moral worlds.
Cruelty is all about the manner in which a person inflicts intentional harm or mistreatment to another person, whereas hospitality involves a person's action in welcoming and providing succour for strangers in distress.
Hallie thinks that hospitality is the opposite of cruelty because while cruelty is all about inflicting harm and mistreatment on other individuals, hospitality is all about caring and providing succour for strangers in need.
A person who offers hospitality to strangers is not merely providing them with the material needs but also the emotional needs, including comfort, care, and compassion.
Therefore, according to Hallie, hospitality requires a sacrifice of resources, including time, food, and shelter, from the host. Additionally, it involves the emotional and psychological work of opening up oneself to a stranger, building trust, and connecting with them emotionally.
As an example, Hallie cites the case of the French village of Le Chambon during the Holocaust, where the villagers were instrumental in saving thousands of Jewish refugees from persecution.
The villagers acted on the belief that hospitality was the highest form of morality, and they were willing to risk their lives to save others, even if it meant breaking the law and going against the authorities.
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