if a current of 150 ma is passed through the leg of a patient, how many chloride ions pass a cross section of the leg per second?

The liquid gained 0.175 J of energy during the ten-second period.

The initial potential energy of the spring-mass system is:

U = [tex](1/2)kx^2 = (1/2)(500 N/m)(0.04 m)^2 = 0.4 J[/tex]

The amplitude of the oscillation decreases from 4 cm to 3 cm over 10 seconds, so the damping constant is:

b = ln(4/3)/(10 s) ≈ 0.0337 s^-1

The general equation for the motion of a damped harmonic oscillator is:

x(t) = A exp(-bt/2m) cos(ωt + φ)

The angular frequency is related to the spring constant and mass by:

ω = [tex]\sqrt{(k/m)[/tex]

A(t) = A exp(-bt/2m)

After 10 seconds, the amplitude has decreased from 4 cm to 3 cm, so:

3 cm = A exp(-b(10 s)/(2m))

Dividing by the initial amplitude, we get:

0.75 = exp(-b(10 s)/(2m))

Taking the log of each aspects, we get:

ln(0.75) = -b(10 s)/(2m)

Solving for the mass, we get:

m = -b(10 s)/(2 ln(0.75)) ≈ 0.25 kg

The very last capability strength of the machine is:

U' = [tex](1/2)kx'^2 = (1/2)(500 N/m)(0.03 m)^2 = 0.225 J[/tex]

The energy lost due to damping is:

ΔE = U - U' = 0.4 J - 0.225 J = 0.175 J

Energy is essential for all forms of life and for many human activities, such as transportation, heating and cooling buildings, and producing electricity. However, the use of energy also has environmental and social impacts, including greenhouse gas emissions and resource depletion. The development and use of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, is increasingly important for reducing these impacts and ensuring a sustainable energy future.

Thermal energy is the energy that comes from heat, while kinetic energy is the energy of motion. Potential energy is stored energy that can be converted into kinetic energy, such as a ball held up high before being dropped. Chemical energy is the energy stored in the bonds between atoms and molecules, while electromagnetic energy is energy that travels in waves, such as light or radio waves.

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The formula for Electric Charge is  (Q = I ∙ t) I is the electric current and t is time

Electric charge is a fundamental property of matter that describes the amount of electric force that a particle can exert on other charged particles. It is a property of particles, such as electrons and protons, that gives rise to the electromagnetic force, which is one of the four fundamental forces in nature.

Electric charge can be positive or negative, and particles with the same charge repel each other, while particles with opposite charges attract each other. The unit of electric charge is the Coulomb (C), and it is measured using an instrument called an electrometer.

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The aperture diameter of this lens is 12.5 mm. The correct option is 12.5 mm.

Aperture refers to the opening of a lens's diaphragm through which light passes. In cameras, it is a hole through which light travels. The larger the hole, the more light passes through. Aperture is measured in f-stops, with a low number indicating a larger aperture (more light passing through) and a high number indicating a smaller aperture (less light passing through).

A camera lens has a focal length of 50.0 mm and an aperture setting of f/4.00, as given in the question. To find the aperture diameter of this lens, we can use the formula:

Aperture diameter = Focal length / f-number

Given that the focal length is 50.0 mm and the aperture setting is f/4.00, we have:

f-number = 4.00focal length = 50.0 mm

Substituting these values in the formula, we get:

Aperture diameter = Focal length / f-number= 50.0 mm / 4.00= 12.5 mm

Therefore, the aperture diameter of this lens is 12.5 mm. The correct option is 12.5 mm.

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When doubling only the spring constant of a vibrating mass-and-spring system, the effect on the system's mechanical energy is to increase the energy by a factor of four. A mass and spring system is a simple harmonic oscillator that can move back and forth when displaced from equilibrium.

When a spring is extended or compressed, it exerts a force in the opposite direction, which causes the mass to accelerate. When the mass reaches equilibrium, the spring force balances the force of gravity acting on the mass.

The force of a spring can be expressed as F = -kx, where k is the spring constant and x is the displacement from equilibrium. The amount of energy stored in the spring can be calculated by the following formula: E = 1/2 kx²When the spring constant k is doubled, the potential energy stored in the spring is doubled.

This means that if the displacement from equilibrium remains constant, the mechanical energy will double. Thus, doubling only the spring constant of a vibrating mass-and-spring system produces an effect on the system's mechanical energy that increases the energy by a factor of four.

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In terms of the characteristics that best describe the inner planets, it is important to note that the inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars) are those that orbit closest to the Sun.

As a result, these planets are generally characterized by several shared features, including that they are made of rocks and metals rather than gases such as hydrogen and helium, and they also have relatively fast rotations compared to other planets in the solar system.

The inner planets are also generally smaller and less massive than the outer planets, and they have fewer moons (or, in the case of Mercury, no moons). Additionally, the inner planets are much hotter than the outer planets due to their proximity to the Sun, which results in high temperatures that make it difficult for life to survive on these planets.

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Answer:

Work=15000

Power=1000

Explanation:

Foce=1500N

Distance=10m

Time=15s

Work=Force*Distance

Work=1500*10=15000Nm

Power=Work/Time=15000/15=1000nm/s

The answer depends if air resistance is ignored. If ignored, the feather and hammer on moon and earth will reach the ground at the same time with respect to their gravitational force (earth > moon)

If air resistance is not ignored, the hammer will reach the ground first on both earth and moon

When a scientist on Earth drops a hammer and a feather at the same time, the expected result is that the hammer would hit the ground first.

When an astronaut on the moon drops a hammer and a feather at the same time, they would hit the ground at the same time. This is because the gravitational pull on the moon is weaker than that on Earth, so objects fall at the same rate regardless of their mass.

Gravity is the force that exists between any two masses, any two bodies, any two particles. It is an attraction force that always exists between objects, and the magnitude of the force depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them. On the surface of the earth, gravity acts to pull all objects towards the center of the earth, resulting in weight of objects on the surface of the earth.

Free fall refers to the motion of an object falling under the influence of gravity. When an object is dropped from a certain height, it will fall at an accelerating rate towards the ground, until it hits the ground. Objects fall at the same rate regardless of their mass.

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To see your entire body in a plane mirror without moving your head, you need a mirror at least half your height. This is because the angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection, allowing you to see your full body in a mirror half your size.

1. Dimensions: Assuming an average human height of 5'6" (66 inches) for simplicity, the height of the smallest mirror should be 33 inches. The width should be wide enough to cover the widest part of your body, usually the shoulders, but it depends on the person's size. Let's say around 18-24 inches as an average width.

2. Position: To ensure you can see your entire body, the mirror should be mounted vertically, centered at the midpoint of your height. Considering the average height of 5'6" (66 inches), the midpoint would be 33 inches above the floor. This will allow you to see your full body without moving your head.

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We can substitute all the values in the formula for mass of water lifted:mass of water lifted = power x time / work done against gravity x efficiency= 60 x 72 / (1232.56r²) x 0.8= 26.25/r² kgAnswer: mass of water lifted = 26.25/r² kg.

To find the mass of water that can be lifted by a 60 kW pump in 1.2 minutes from a mine that is 40 m deep, we use the following formula:mass of water lifted = power x time / work done against gravity x efficiencyWe know that the power of the pump is 60 kW, the depth of the mine is 40 m, and the time taken is 1.2 minutes or 72 seconds. The efficiency of the pump is not given, so we assume it to be 80%.Now, we need to find the work done against gravity. The work done against gravity is equal to the weight of the water lifted. The weight of water is given by the formula:weight of water = mass x gravitywhere gravity is 9.8 m/s²Substituting the values, we get:weight of water = volume of water x density x gravitySince we are not given the density of water, we assume it to be 1000 kg/m³.Substituting the values, we get:work done against gravity = weight of water x depth of mine= volume of water x density x gravity x depth of mine= πr² x h x 1000 x 9.8 x 40= 1232.56r²Now, we can substitute all the values in the formula for mass of water lifted:mass of water lifted = power x time / work done against gravity x efficiency= 60 x 72 / (1232.56r²) x 0.8= 26.25/r² kg.

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The solution would be to either replace the ballasts with ones designed for a 60-hz system or to use lights that are designed to operate on a 60-hz system.

When answering questions on Brainly, it is important to always be factually accurate, professional, and friendly. Answers should be concise and relevant to the question being asked. Typos and irrelevant parts of the question should be ignored.

Here is the answer to the student question:If you are an electrician installing fluorescent lights and notice that the lights were made in Europe and the ballasts are rated for operation on a 50-hz system, they will not be harmed by overcurrent if they are connected to a 60 hz system.

However, there may be a problem with these lights because they are designed to operate on a 50-hz system and not a 60-hz system. This could cause the lights to flicker, not turn on, or burn out prematurely.The most likely cause of the problem is that the ballasts are not designed to operate on a 60-hz system.

The solution would be to either use lights made to work on a 60 hz system or replace the ballasts with ones made for a 60 hz system.

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The velocity of the water jet required to hold the plate upright is 0.707 m/s. To calculate the velocity of the water jet required to hold the plate upright, the following data is needed: width of the plate perpendicular to the paper = 0.5 m.

For a plate to be held upright by a water jet, the upward force generated by the jet must be equal to the weight of the plate (downward force). The upward force generated by the jet is proportional to the velocity of the water jet. So, the velocity of the water jet required to hold the plate upright can be determined by setting the upward force generated by the jet equal to the weight of the plate.

Mathematically, it can be written as: F_upward = F_downwardor ρAV² = mg where, ρ is the density of the water, A is the cross-sectional area of the water jet, V is the velocity of the water jet, m is the mass of the plate, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

Using the given data, ρ = 1000 kg/m³ (density of water)A = (π/4)d² = (π/4) x 0.5² = 0.1963 m² (cross-sectional area of the water jet, assuming diameter of the jet as 0.5 m) m = 10 kg (mass of the plate)g = 9.8 m/s² (acceleration due to gravity)

Therefore, substituting these values in the above equation,ρAV² = mg⇒ V = √(mg/ρA)= √(10 × 9.8 / (1000 × 0.1963))= √0.5002= 0.707 m/s Therefore, the velocity of the water jet required to hold the plate upright is 0.707 m/s.

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The maximum length of the cantilever that can be built is approximately 0.63 m.

When answering questions on Brainly, it is important to always be factually accurate, professional, and friendly. It is also important to be concise and not provide extraneous amounts of detail. It is recommended to use the following terms in your answer if they are relevant to the question being asked.

For example, in the question "you must build the cantilever shown in the figure. the maximum length of cable you have available is 5 m and the maximum tension the cable can support is 245 n.

the material used for the cantilever has a density of 40 kg per meter length of the cantilever. what is the maximum length (in m) of the cantilever that you can build?",

one would need to use terms such as cantilever, cable, tension, and density in their response.In order to calculate the maximum length of the cantilever that can be built, the following formula can be used:

L = T / (d * g)Where L is the maximum length of the cantilever,

T is the maximum tension the cable can support, d is the density of the cantilever material, and g is the acceleration due to gravity (9.8 m/s^2).Plugging in the given values, we get:

L = 245 / (40 * 9.8) ≈ 0.63 m

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Answer:

Explanation:

The moment of inertia of an object is a property that describes its resistance to rotational motion.

It is determined solely by the mass distribution of the object and the geometry of its shape, and it does not depend on the angular velocity of the object.

This can be seen from the formula for the moment of inertia, which is given by:I = ∫ r^2 dmwhere I is the moment of inertia, r is the distance from the axis of rotation to the mass element dm, and the integral is taken over the entire mass distribution of the object.

The moment of inertia depends only on the mass distribution of the object and how that mass is distributed around the axis of rotation.

This means that even if the object is rotating at different speeds or in different directions, its moment of inertia will remain the same, as long as the mass distribution is unchanged.

The induced current in the loop will flow in a counterclockwise direction, as it opposes the change in magnetic flux and follows the right-hand rule.

To determine the direction of the induced current within the loop, we can use Lenz's Law and the right-hand rule.
Step 1: Lenz's Law states that the induced current will flow in a direction that opposes the change in magnetic flux through the loop. In this case, since the loop is being pulled to the right, the magnetic flux is decreasing.
Step 2: Using the right-hand rule, point your right thumb in the direction of the magnetic field (away from you). Then, curl your fingers in the direction of the loop's motion (to the right). The direction of your fingers curling indicates the direction of the induced current.
Based on these steps, the induced current in the loop will flow in a counterclockwise direction, as it opposes the change in magnetic flux and follows the right-hand rule.

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I can provide guidance on how to structure your lab report based on the questions you have provided.

In the first paragraph, you should briefly state the purpose of the lab. This should include a clear statement of the problem or question that the lab is addressing. For example, "The purpose of this lab was to investigate the effect of temperature on the rate of enzyme activity."

In the first part of this section, you should include any charts, tables, or drawings that would clearly show what you have learned in the lab. Each chart, table, or drawing should have an appropriate title and appropriate labels.

When complete, the lab report should be read as a coherent whole. Make sure you connect different pieces with relevant transitions. Review for proper grammar, spelling, punctuation, formatting, and other conventions of organization and good writing. It is important to be clear and concise in your writing and to use appropriate scientific language and terminology.

The elastic potential energy stored in the spring is approximately 1.01 Joules. To calculate the elastic potential energy stored in the spring, we will use the formula for the potential energy of a spring, which is:

PE = (1/2) * k * x^2

where PE is the elastic potential energy, k is the spring constant, and x is the stretch or compression distance.

From the student question, we know that the spring constant (k) is 71.8 N/m, and the spring is stretched by 16.8 cm. To use the formula, we need to convert the stretch distance to meters:

[tex]16.8 cm = 16.8/100 m = 0.168 m[/tex]

Now, we can plug the values into the formula:

[tex]PE = (1/2) * 71.8 N/m * (0.168 m)^2[/tex]

To calculate the potential energy, first square the stretch distance:

[tex](0.168 m)^2 = 0.028224 m^2[/tex]

Next, multiply the spring constant by the squared stretch distance:

[tex]71.8 N/m * 0.028224 m^2 = 2.0262272 Nm[/tex]

Finally, multiply the result by 1/2:

[tex](1/2) * 2.0262272 Nm = 1.0131136 J[/tex]

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A horizontally directed force of 25-n is used to pull a box through a distance of 2.6 m across a tabletop. The work done by the 25-N force is 65 Joules.

The work done by the 25-N force is calculated using the formula:

Work = Force × Distance × cos(θ), where θ is the angle between the force and displacement vectors.

In this case, the force is horizontal, and the displacement is also horizontal, so the angle (θ) is 0 degrees.

Therefore, cos(θ) = 1.

Work = 25 N × 2.6 m × 1 = 65 J (Joules)

So, the work done by the 25-N force to pull a box through a distance of 2.6 m across a tabletop is 65 Joules.

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The new and existing aquatic organisms thrive during the Mesozoic era for oceanic expansion, warm climate, abundant food and Evolutionary innovations

The Mesozoic era, which lasted from about 252 million years ago to 66 million years ago, was a time of great change in the Earth's climate and geography. During this period, new and existing aquatic organisms thrived due to several factors:

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The speed of the police car when it catches up to the speeder is 37.5 m/s.

How to determine speed?

To solve the problem, we can use the following kinematic equation:

v = u + at

where:

v = final velocity (unknown)

u = initial velocity of the police car (0 m/s)

a = acceleration of the police car (7.5 m/s²)

t = time elapsed after the police car starts accelerating (5.0 s)

We can also convert the speed of the car from km/h to m/s:

108 km/h = (108 km/h) x (1000 m/km) x (1 h/3600 s) = 30 m/s

Now we can substitute the values into the equation:

v = 0 + (7.5 m/s²) x (5.0 s)

v = 37.5 m/s

Therefore, the speed of the police car when it catches up to the speeder is 37.5 m/s.

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The radius of a standard rate turn for a plane moving at 240 m/s  is approximately 933 meters.

A standard rate turn in aviation refers to a turn in which an aircraft completes a full 360-degree rotation in 2 minutes, resulting in an angular speed of 3 degrees per second (180 degrees per minute). To calculate the radius of a standard rate turn for a plane moving at 240 m/s, we can use the formula:

Radius = V / (G × Tan(Bank Angle))

where:
- V is the velocity of the plane (240 m/s)
- G is the gravitational constant (approximately 9.81 m/s²)
- Bank Angle is the angle at which the aircraft is tilted during the turn.

First, we need to find the bank angle. Since we know that the angular speed is 3 degrees per second, we can use the following formula to find the bank angle:

Bank Angle = Arc Tan((V² × Angular Speed) / (G × 180))

Bank Angle = Arc Tan((240² × 3) / (9.81 × 180))
Bank Angle ≈ 14.7 degrees

Now that we have the bank angle, we can calculate the radius of the turn:

Radius = 240 / (9.81 × Tan(14.7))
Radius ≈ 933 meters

So, the radius of a standard rate turn for a plane moving at 240 m/s is approximately 933 meters.

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The capacitance of an air-filled parallel-plate capacitor is 4.0 pf. Wax is placed between the pieces as they are double separated. The dielectric constant of the wax is approximately 0.903.

The capacitance of an air-filled parallel-plate capacitor is given by:

C = ε0 × A / d

where C is the capacitance, ε0 is the permittivity of free space, A is the area of the plates, and d is the distance between the plates.

Given that the initial capacitance of the capacitor is 4.0 pF, we can rearrange the equation to solve for the initial plate separation:

d = ε0 × A / C1

where C1 is the initial capacitance. Substituting the given values, we have:

d = (8.85 x 10^-12 F/m) × A / 4.0 pF

= 2A × 10^-3 m

Next, we are told that the plate separation is doubled and wax is inserted between the plates, resulting in a new capacitance of 8.0 pF. We can use the same equation to find the new plate separation:

d' = ε0 × A / C2

where C2 is the new capacitance. Substituting the given values, we have:

d' = (8.85 × 10^-12 F/m) × A / 8.0 pF

= A × 10^-3 m

To find the dielectric constant of the wax, we can use the formula:

C2 = εr × ε0 × A / d'

where εr is the relative permittivity (dielectric constant) of the wax. Substituting the values we have calculated, we get:

8.0 pF = εr × (8.85 × 10^-12 F/m) × A / (A × 10^-3 m)

Simplifying, we get:

εr = 8.0 / 8.85 = 0.903

It's worth noting that this calculation assumes that the area of the plates remains constant when the wax is inserted. In practice, the insertion of the wax may affect the plate geometry, which could affect the capacitance. Additionally, the dielectric constant of the wax may depend on factors such as temperature and frequency.

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When it comes to the frequency with which a fire detection and alarm system backup electrical generator should be run under load, it is recommended that it be run under load at least once a month.

A fire detection and alarm system is a collection of systems that work together to detect and alert occupants to the presence of fire through audio and visual signals.

Therefore, it is advisable to operate the backup electrical generator of a fire detection and alarm system under load at least once per month.

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The net force on the object is 26 newtons. Some common types of forces include gravitational force, electromagnetic force, and the force of friction.

What is Force?

Force is a physical quantity that is used to describe the interaction between two objects. It is defined as any influence that causes an object to undergo a change in motion or direction. Force is typically measured in units of newtons (N), and it has both magnitude (strength) and direction. The direction of a force is typically described by its vector, which can point in any direction in three-dimensional space.

To calculate the net force, we need to add up the forces acting on the object.

In this case, the forces are being applied in opposite directions, so we need to subtract the smaller force from the larger force.

Net force = 73 N - 47 N = 26N

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rA is equal to 23.15 metres, rB is equal to 4.58 metres, and the gravity simulation acceleration in chamber B is 0.11 m/s².

Applying a force to an astronaut that results in an acceleration of 9.8 metres per second, or 32 feet per second, is the only known way to create artificial gravity. Bungee cords, body restraints, or a fast enough spin of the spaceship to generate sufficient centrifugal acceleration can all be used to accomplish this.

6.7 = rA(0.1571)²

Solving for rA, we get:

rA = 23.15 meters

23.15/rB = 5.05

Solving for rB, we get:

rB = 4.58 meters

a = rBω²

Substituting the values we just found, we get:

a = (4.58)(0.1571)²

Solving for a, we get:

a = 0.11 m/s²

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The magnetic force on a present-day-carrying twine is without delay proportional to the strength of the magnetic area and the contemporary within the twine and is also dependent on the angle among the route of the modern and the course of the magnetic field.

Magnetic force is a fundamental force that arises from the motion of charged particles. It is the force that causes magnets to attract or repel each other, and it is also responsible for the behavior of electrically charged particles in the presence of a magnetic field. The strength of the magnetic force depends on the strength of the magnetic field and the velocity and charge of the particles.

The route of the pressure is perpendicular to each the magnetic subject and the rate of the particle. Magnetic force plays an important role in many areas of physics, including electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, and particle physics. It is essential for understanding the behavior of electromagnetic waves, the functioning of electric motors and generators, and the behavior of charged particles in particle accelerators.

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The magnitude of the smallest magnetic field that puts the rod on the verge of sliding is 0.0559 T.

The force required to overcome the static friction between the copper rod and the rails is given by:

fs = μs * N

where μs is the coefficient of static friction, N is the normal force, and fs is the force required to overcome static friction.

In this case, the normal force is equal to the weight of the rod, which is given by:

N = mg

where m is the mass of the rod and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

The magnetic force on the rod is given by:

Fm = BIL

where B is the magnetic field strength, I is the current in the rod, and L is the length of the rod.

For the rod to be on the verge of sliding, the magnetic force must be equal to the force required to overcome static friction:

Fm = fs

Substituting the given values and solving for B, we get:

B = fs / IL

B = μs × N / IL

B = μs × mg / IL

B = (0.330) × (0.800 kg) × (9.81 m/s^2) / (0.500 m × 53.0 A)

B = 0.0559 T

The direction of the magnetic field relative to the vertical is perpendicular to the plane of the rails and into the page, because the direction of the magnetic force is perpendicular to both the direction of the magnetic field and the direction of the current, as determined by the right-hand rule.

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A 60 g ball of clay traveling at speed 6.5 m/s m / s hits and sticks to a 1.0 kg k g block sitting at rest on a frictionless surface. The speed of the block after the collision is approximately 0.368 m/s.

After the collision, the speed of the block can be found using the conservation of momentum principle.

The initial momentum of the system is equal to the final momentum of the system.

Initial momentum = (mass of clay * velocity of clay) + (mass of block * velocity of block)

Final momentum = (mass of clay + mass of block) * final velocity
60 g = 0.06 kg (convert to kg)
1.0 kg block is at rest, so its initial velocity = 0 m/s.

Initial momentum = (0.06 kg * 6.5 m/s) + (1.0 kg * 0 m/s) = 0.39 kg m/s
Final momentum = (0.06 kg + 1.0 kg) * final velocity
Since, Initial momentum = Final momentum, we have

0.39 kg m/s = (1.06 kg) * final velocity
Final velocity = 0.39 kg m/s / 1.06 kg

Final velocity  ≈ 0.368 m/s

The speed of the block after the collision is approximately 0.368 m/s.

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Section 25.1: 1.) white light, 2.)incandescence, 3.) emitting photons , 4.)  photon, 5.) orange, 6.) visible light, 7.) nanometers, 8.) electromagnetic spectrum, 9.) photon

Rods are the type of photoreceptor cell in retina and are sensitive to light levels and help give us good vision in low light.

Section 25.2

10. Cone cell specializes in detecting color.

11. Rod cell specializes in detecting light intensity

12. Human eye has 137 million : photoreceptors.

13. An HDTV screen has more than an ordinary TV screen : pixels

14. Magenta is a pigment used in the color model : CMYK

15. The is used by video cameras to achieve a range of colors : RGB color model

Section 25.3

16. A surface with produces a single beam of reflected light rays : specular reflection

17. occurs when light enters a material and bends : Refraction

18. Three examples of optical devices are converging lens,  diverging lens and prism.

19. Glass is transparent material because light passes through it without scattering.

20. Materials that allow light to pass but scatter it in all directions : translucent

21. The index of refraction of water is 1.33  

22. Surfaces that scatter light when it reflects have : rough surfaces

23. Converging lens bends light rays inward toward the focal point

24. Diverging lens bends light rays outward away from the focal point.

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The oxygen molecules have lost a total of 0.94 coulombs in charge of their electrons.

AVOGADO'S CALL SIGN-

Amadeo Avogadro (1776–1856), an Italian chemist, stated the principle in 1811 that equivalent volumes of gases under the same temperature and stress contain an equal range of molecules regardless of the molecules' chemical make-up and physical characteristics. It is 6.023 x 1023, or Avogadro's number.

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