Answer:
B. They will develop thinner and darker for-
Explanation:
To survive in a warmer climate you wouldn't put on a giant jacket.
Answer:
#lookitup.com
Explanation:
what are 3 modifications to pyruvate in the intermediate phase
Answer:
Simplified diagram of pyruvate oxidation. Pyruvate—three carbons—is converted to acetyl CoA, a two-carbon molecule attached to coenzyme A. A molecule of coenzyme A is a necessary reactant for this reaction, which releases a molecule of carbon dioxide and reduces a NAD+ to NADH.
Simplified diagram of pyruvate oxidation. Pyruvate—three carbons—is converted to acetyl CoA, a two-carbon molecule attached to coenzyme A. A molecule of coenzyme A is a necessary reactant for this reaction, which releases a molecule of carbon dioxide and reduces a NAD+ to NADH.
In eukaryotes, this step takes place in the matrix, the innermost compartment of mitochondria. In prokaryotes, it happens in the cytoplasm. Overall, pyruvate oxidation converts pyruvate—a three-carbon molecule—into acetyl two-carbon molecule attached to Coenzyme A—producing an t, N, A, D, H, end text and releasing one carbon dioxide molecule in the process. Acetyl C, o, A, end text acts as fuel for the citric acid cycle in the next stage of cellular respiration.
Pyruvate oxidation steps
Pyruvate is produced by glycolysis in the cytoplasm, but pyruvate oxidation takes place in the mitochondrial matrix (in eukaryotes). So, before the chemical reactions can begin, pyruvate must enter the mitochondrion, crossing its inner membrane and arriving at the matrix.
In the matrix, pyruvate is modified in a series of steps:
More detailed diagram of the mechanism of pyruvate oxidation.
1. A carboxyl group is removed from pyruvate and released as carbon dioxide.
2. The two-carbon molecule from the first step is oxidized, and NAD+ accepts the electrons to form NADH.
3. The oxidized two-carbon molecule, an acetyl group, is attached to Coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA.
More detailed diagram of the mechanism of pyruvate oxidation.
A carboxyl group is removed from pyruvate and released as carbon dioxide.
The two-carbon molecule from the first step is oxidized, and NAD+ accepts the electrons to form NADH.
The oxidized two-carbon molecule, an acetyl group, is attached to Coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA.
Image credit: "Oxidation of pyruvate and the citric acid cycle: Figure 1" by OpenStax College, Biology, CC BY 3.0
Step 1. A carboxyl group is snipped off of pyruvate and released as a molecule of carbon dioxide, leaving behind a two-carbon molecule.
Step 2. The two-carbon molecule from step 1 is oxidized, and the electrons lost in the oxidation are picked up 2 \text{NADH}NADHstart text, N, A, D, H, end text are generated from \text{NAD}^+NAD
Step 3. The oxidized two-carbon molecule—an acetyl group, highlighted in green—is attached to Coenzyme A (\text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text), an organic molecule derived from vitamin B5, to form acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text. Acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text is sometimes called a carrier molecule, and its job here is to carry the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle.
The steps above are carried out by a large enzyme complex called the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which consists of three interconnected enzymes and includes over 60 subunits. At a couple of stages, the reaction intermediates actually form covalent bonds to the enzyme complex—or, more specifically, to its cofactors. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is an important target for regulation, as it controls the amount of acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text fed into the citric acid cycle^{1,2,3}
1,2,3
start superscript, 1, comma, 2, comma, 3, end superscript.
If we consider the two pyruvates that enter from glycolysis (for each glucose molecule), we can summarize pyruvate oxidation as follows:
Two molecules of pyruvate are converted into two molecules of acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text.
Two carbons are released as carbon dioxide—out of the six originally present in glucose.
2 \text{NADH}NADHstart text, N, A, D, H, end text are generated from \text{NAD}^+NAD
+
start text, N, A, D, end text, start superscript, plus, end superscript.
Why make acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text? Acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text serves as fuel for the citric acid cycle in the next stage of cellular respiration. The addition of \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text helps activate the acetyl group, preparing it to undergo the necessary reactions to enter the citric acid cycle.
Explanation:
In the chemical equation CH4 + 02 → CO2 + H2O, what are considered the reactants?
CH4, CO2
02, H20
CO2, H2O
CH4, 02
In neuroscience, depolarization is an "all or nothing" response; what does that
mean?
The neuron's intracellular charge must get more negative to meet a certain
threshhold in order to depolarize. If the neuron does not hit that threshold, then the
neuron will not fire
The neuron will either accept all signals, or none of the signals received. If the
neuron is ready to receive signals, then it automatically depolarizes and sends the
signals to the next neuron.
The neuron's intracellular charge must get more positive to meet a certain
threshhold in order to depolarize. If the neuron does not hit that threshold, then the
neuron will not fire
The neuron decides how much of the electochemical signals to send to the next
neuron; all or nothing
Answer:
The correct answer is - The neuron's intracellular charge must get more positive to meet a certain thresh hold in order to depolarize. If the neuron does not hit that threshold, then the neuron will not fire
Explanation:
In neuroscience, the depolarization of neurons shows the all or none law which is also called as all or nothing response. It states that all action potentials have the same size and the potential or strength of a nerve cell does not depend on the stimulus strength as all are the same size.
If a stimulus reaches a particular threshold cell or fiber will fire so either it will fire or not cross the threshold this is all or nothing response or law and depolarization is an example of it.
What is heliozoa in the simplest definition? ( Science)
Answer:
A heliozoa is a phylum of single-celled aquatic animals that are related to the radiolarians
Explanation:
Answer:
heliozoa: microbial eukaryotes (protists) with stiff arms (axopodia) radiating from their spherical bodies, which are responsible for their common name.
Your colleague asks you to verify her findings about a new polymer intended for use as a vascular graft. It must be reasonably elastic; otherwise, the blood will be constricted and increase its flowrate downstream with each pulse of the heart. She found that the material was sufficiently elastic for use inside the body. After running a tension test, you find that it is too brittle for use. Your colleague reviews your protocol and declares that you have either graduated from Duke or checked your eyelids for light leaks during Dr. Brudno's BME 203 class, because it definitely is adequate. Describe two mistakes you may have made. Put a (1) and (2) before each of your reasons.
Answer:
1.Vascular tube is used for vascular surgery and is very small in size with very small diameter and thickness,thus a little change in environment can also affect there result.
2.When testing for tension in the polymer it is very important to consider the strain rate as the increase in strain can cause the material to break.Therefore not only tension test but also strain test is required.
Explanation:
During exercise, blood CO2 levels increase as a result of muscle cell activity. This makes blood more acidic, which disrupts pH homeostasis. Drag the following events in the regulation of gas exchange into the proper order.
I will put the events in order and further explain what happens to gaseous exchange during exercise.
During exercise,
- Blood CO2 increases,
- Blood becomes more acidic-PH decreases below the set point,
- Brain stem detects PH change,
- Brain cell signals muscles in the diaphragm and rib cage,
- Breathing level increases,
- Amount of CO2 exhaled increases,
- Blood PH returns to the set point.
During exercise,the cells of the muscles respite more than when the body is at rest.Heart rate increases abd,more oxygen is used or required and more CO2 is exhaled.
The rate and depth of breathing increases and this is in a bid for the body to compensate by making sore that more oxygen is absorbed into the blood as well as remove more carbondioxide
When CO2 combines with water, carbonic acid is formed,this makes the blood to become acidic.
Therefore,when CO2 is present in the blood,it decreases the blood PH and an excess of it (PH less than 7.35) will result in Acidosis.
How are the studies performed on rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the moss Pleurozium schreberi and the desert shrub Atriplex lentiformis similar? Both studies are coupled to enzymatic activity. Both studies support the concept that species operate within a narrow optimum temperature range. Both studies support the concept that species operate within a narrow optimum temperature range and are coupled to enzymatic activity. Both studies examine the effects of microclimates and studies support the concept that species operate within a narrow optimum temperature range. Both studies examine the effects of microclimates.
Answer:
Both studies support the concept that species operate within a narrow optimum temperature range and are coupled to enzymatic activity.
Explanation:
The studies shown in the question above started from the same concept to establish the scientific experiment and had the same objective related to the investigation as temperature changes in the environment where these organisms live influences the enzymatic activity and, therefore, the functioning of their organism, being able to including modifying the environment around them. In summary, we can say that the studies sought to support the concept that species operate within a narrow range of optimal temperature and are coupled with enzymatic activity.
what will happen to energy levels in an ecosystem if the water cycle is disrupted
Answer:
Okay if the water cycle is disrupted ...the energy levels in an ecosystem will decrease
Explanation:
This is mainly because water is mainly used in energy recyclability and so that water is converted to energy through the ecosystem and the presence of water makes the energy to be there in adequate and so if the water cycle is disrupted the energy will decrease
Why do you think it might have a thick wax coating?
Answer:
For slow burning
Explanation:
In living organisms, lipids function mainly as
A) sources of stored energy and transmitters of genetic information
B) transmitters of genetic information and catalyst of chemical reactions
C) catalysts of chemical reactions and components of cellular membranes
D) sources of stored energy and components of cellular membranes
BRAINLIEST FOR CORRECT ANSWER
In living organisms, lipids function mainly as sources of stored energy and components of cellular membranes, which are present in Option D, as lipids are a diverse group of molecules that perform various functions.
What are lipids?Lipids can be broken down through a process called hydrolysis to release energy that can be used for cellular processes, and this energy storage is particularly important for organisms that need to survive for extended periods without a steady supply of nutrients, lipids also play a crucial role in forming the cellular membrane that surrounds and protects cells, such as the phospholipid bilayer, which is a key component of cellular membranes and is made up of two layers of phospholipid molecules.
Hence, in living organisms, lipids function mainly as sources of stored energy and components of cellular membranes, which are present in Option D.
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Which of the following is the best description of the process shown in the image below?
The process in the image is ( C ) : Water, carbon dioxide and light are inputs while oxygen and glucose are outputs
The process represented in the diagram is photosynthesis because Photosynthesis is the process whereby green plants makes use of water and Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere in the presence of light to produce its food and also producing oxygen as its by product in the process
Photosynthesis :
H₂0 + CO₂ + light energy -----> C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂
Hence we can conclude that the process in the image is Water, carbon dioxide and light are inputs while oxygen and glucose are outputs
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All atoms of the same element must have the same number of ________
A. protons.
B. neutrons.
C. compounds.
D. electrons.
Answer:
A. Protons
Explanation:
They must have the same number of protons. But they can have a different amount of neutrons.
Assume cube B was broken into many irregularly shaped pieces. Compared to the density of the entire cube, the density of one of the pieces would be
Answer:The same
Explanation: even thought the cube is split in many pieces the density stays the same
Because breaking the thing into pieces divides the mass and volume by the same factor, the density does not change. Additionally, regardless of a substance's size, its density is constant.
What is density relation with shape of object?An intensive property is density. This implies that the density of the substance will remain constant regardless of the shape, size, or amount of the thing.
Each component of the thing would have the same density even if you divided it into a million pieces.
For instance, despite the cube being divided into numerous parts, its density remains constant.
In a solid, the atoms or molecules are typically arranged in an orderly or occasionally crystalline structure,
Whereas in a liquid, they are free to move around with little restrictions. Because of this, the solid has a higher density.
Therefore, the density of one of the pieces is remained unchanged.
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In your biology career, you may come across people attempting to use the Second Law of Thermodynamics to discredit the idea of evolution. Their argument goes something like this: The theory of evolution says that life evolved from smaller inorganic molecules to larger organic molecules to simple one-celled organisms to more complex multicellular organisms, moving towards more complexity and organization. But the Second Law of Thermodynamics says that entropy always increases, with everything moving towards increasing disorder. Therefore, if the Second Law is correct, then evolution is impossible. How would you respond to this argument
Answer:
Evolutionary ideas do not contradict the thermodynamic laws, these ideas explain how descent with modification enables the organisms to have enhanced metabolic responses to fight against entropy
Explanation:
Organisms fight against entropy to maintain order within their cells and thus continue life. The debate about the association between the Second Law of Thermodynamics and evolutionary ideas emerged in 1900. During this period, it has been proposed that both ideas were contradictory, since evolution decreases entropy, while the second law states that systems increase entropy over time. However, the evolution does not contradict this law, because evolutionary ideas indicate the mode by which the organisms evolve to fight against entropy (for example, by enhancing enzymes responsible for protein degradation), while the Second Law of Thermodynamics literally states that the total amount of entropy of the whole system increases over time.
When a patient is said to have "third-degree burns," this indicates that the patient has burns that cover approximately one-third or more of the body.
True
False
Answer:
I believe this is true. True
Which of the following mutations is LEAST likely to result in harmful changes to cells?
most of the energy an organism consumes is used/converted into
Answer:
converted into
Explanation:
The higher the organism is on the trophic pyramid, the lower the amount of available energy. For example, plants and other autotrophs (primary producers) convert only a fraction of the enormous amount of solar energy they have access to into food energy.
Im having lots of troubles understanding this question. if anyone could help me with the answer but most importantly how to identify the monomer in this picture that would be great you guys.
The following transactions occurred during 2021 for the Beehive Honey Corporation: Feb. 1 Borrowed $16,000 from a bank and signed a note. Principal and interest at 9% will be paid on January 31, 2022. Apr. 1 Paid $4,400 to an insurance company for a two-year fire insurance policy. July 17 Purchased supplies costing $3,200 on account. The company records supplies purchased in an asset account. At the year-end on December 31, 2021, supplies costing $1,450 remained on hand. Nov. 1 A customer borrowed $7,200 and signed a note requiring the customer to pay principal and 7% interest on April 30, 2022.
Required:
1. Record each transaction in general journal form.
2. Prepare any necessary adjusting entries at the year-end on December 31, 2021. No adjusting entries were recorded during the year for any item.
Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
Journal entry simply has to do with the recording of transactions in an accounting book which signifies the debit and credit balances of the company.
For the adjusting entries:
On Dec 31:
Interest expense:
= 16000 × 9% × 11/12
= 1320
Prepaid insurance
= 4400/24 × 9
= 1650
Check the attached file for further explanation.
why would it be better to swim in the ocean in August instead of May? Be sure to relate your answer to specific heat.
Answer:
It depends on where you are in the world. If you are in California, it would be better to swim in the ocean during August. However, if you are someplace else, it may be better to swim during May.
Explanation:
If you're in California, then August is in the middle of Summer. It is always very hot outside. Therefore, the heat should warm the water up enough for you to be comfortable to swim.
Question 4
If the cells of a plant did not have a cell membrane, then the cells would most likely
А
lose their green color.
B
be more rigid and supported.
С
not be able to control what enters and exits the cells.
D
have to process sugar and make energy twice as fast.
Do you think water could break up NaCl if it didn’t have a + and - side?
Answer:
yes because fajamarutation procedure
Explanation:
Describe the molecules in a solid. How is that different than molecules in gas?
Answer:
The molecules in a solid are more closely packed than those in a gas. Gas molecules are VERY spread apart, which is why we cannot see them.
Explanation:
I just bombed this test and i have 1 retake left. please help!!
Answer:
a carboxyl group at one end is correct.
Explanation:
it says your answer is 1/1 pts lol
dang i hate taking exams on canvas, but yeah your answer is corrrect for this one
sodium potassium pump is an active transport. Which statement best describes why energy is needed to work correctly?
Answer:
because it is moving Na+ against its concentration gradient
Diffrent between pain and pressure
Answer:
PAIN:
Nociceptive Pain: Typically the result of tissue injury.
Inflammatory Pain: An abnormal inflammation caused by an inappropriate response by the body's immune system.
Neuropathic Pain: Pain caused by nerve irritation.
Functional Pain: Pain without obvious origin, but can cause pain.
PRESSURE:
Absolute pressure: The clearest reference pressure is the pressure zero, which exists in the air-free space of the universe.
Atmospheric pressure.
Differential pressure.
Overpressure (gauge pressure).
Highlight which pair is EQUAL:
1 km/10dm
53.5 cm/5.35dm I
990g/1 kg
Answer:
53.5 cm is equal to 5.35 decimeters
Explanation:
Ten centimeters equal one decimeter.
Write a paragraph about North Carolina degradation, how does soil erosion affect N.C? Make a paragraph about the environment and the degradation in it in your OWN words.
Answer:
soil erosion has been a major cause of soil degradation in north carolina for many years .it affects water quality physically,chemically and biological.damage from sediment is expensive,both economically and environmentally.
Explanation:
because the environmental damage from sediment is often cumulative,the ultimate affects and the consequences of off-site sedimentation can be severe,both for people immediately affected and those who must cope with subsequent problems.
Blank:
is a process that involves one division of the nucleus and results in two identical cells.
A Meiosis
B Mitosis
C Fertilization
D Replication
Answer:
b. mitosis
Explanation:
it is cell division and keeps things the same
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Mitosis is contrast or what of Meiosis. Mitosis is a cell division process in which a parent cell produces two identical daughter cells.
How is Homo sapien skull similar to the modern human skull?
Answer:
Modern humans are HomoSapiens
Explanation:
I am a homo-sapien