Answer:
114 gram of salt is required.
Explanation:
Below are the following given data in the question:
Prepared salinity water = 30 ppt
Weight of salt used = 3.26 kg
The volume of water = 114 L
Below is the calculation.
4000 mL = 4000/1000 = 4L
Let the used = x kg
3.26/114 = x/4L
Now solve for the x.
x = 0.114 kg or 114 gram
Discus immune response to a pathogen through the oral (oral-anus) and respiratory route
Answer:
The complete explanation of the immune response to a pathogen through the oral (oral-anus) and respiratory route is given below in explanation part .
Explanation:
In order to provide host protection against pathogens wherever they can enter or spread, the immune system can be seen as an organ distributed throughout the body. A collection of anatomically distinct compartments can be distinguished within the immune system, each of which is specifically adapted to produce a response to pathogens present in a specific set of body tissues. The basic concepts underlying the initiation in the compartment of the peripheral lymph nodes and spleen of an adaptive immune response. This is the compartment that responds to antigens that have dispersed through the blood or penetrated the tissues. The mucosal immune system (commonly represented by the MALT) is a second compartment of the adaptive immune system of equal size to this, and situated near the surfaces where most pathogens enter. Body cavities (peritoneum and pleura) and skin are two other distinct compartments. These compartments are characterized by two main characteristics. The first is that immune responses induced within one compartment are generally restricted to that specific compartment in terms of speech. The second is that by expressing homing receptors that are bound by ligands, known as addressins, which are specifically expressed within the tissues of the compartment, lymphocytes are limited to particular compartments. The body's mucosal surfaces are particularly susceptible to infection. Because of their physiological roles in gas exchange (the lungs), food absorption (the gut), sensory roles (eyes , nose , mouth, and throat), and reproduction (uterus and vagina), they are thin and permeable barriers to the interior of the body. Obvious susceptibility to infection is provided by the need for permeability of the surface lining of these sites and it is not surprising that the vast majority of infectious agents via these routes enter the human body.
When contemplating the immunobiology of mucosal surfaces, a second essential aspect to bear in mind is that the gut serves as a conduit of entry in the form of food to a large array of foreign antigens. The immune system has developed mechanisms to prevent, on the one hand, a robust immune response to food antigens and, on the other, to detect and destroy the entry of pathogenic organisms via the gut. The majority of the gut is heavily colonized by commensal microorganisms, which live in symbiosis with their host, to further complicate matters. In certain ways, these bacteria are beneficial to their hosts. They provide protection by occupying the ecological niches for bacteria in the gut against pathogenic bacteria. By synthesizing vitamin K and some of the components of the vitamin B complex, they also serve a nutritional role in their host.
Peyer's patches of the small intestine, the appendix, and solitary lymphoid follicles of the large intestine and rectum are the other major sites inside the gut mucosal immune system for the activation of immune responses. The patches of Peyer are an extremely important location in the small intestine for the activation of immune responses and have a distinctive shape, forming domelike structures that reach into the intestinal lumen. Specialized epithelial cells reside in the overlying layer of follicle-associated epithelium of the Peyer's patches. Instead of the microvilli present on the absorptive epithelial cells of the intestine, they have microfolds on their luminal surface and are known as microfold cells or M cells. By endocytosis or phagocytosis, M cells pick up molecules and particles from the gut lumen. This material is then transported to the basal cell membrane, where it is released into the extracellular space, via the interior of the cell in vesicles. This mechanism is referred to as transcytosis. The cell membrane of M cells is extensively folded at their basal surface around underlying lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells that take up the transported material released from the M cells and process it for the presentation of antigen.
Why would satellite imagery be more useful than a map in some instances?
A - provides landmarks, such as buildings
B - can be used when Interne is not available
C - takes more detailed images but only of very small areas
D - provides various methods of transportation to a location
Answer:
If we can give more than one answer than it is A, C, D
Explanation:
Answer:
a
Explanation:
i just took the quiz, since the other user said it is a, c, d u can only choose one answer and c and d are things u can see on a average map hence the answer is a
brainliest please!!
Double membrane layer surrounding the nucleus
Answer:
nuclear envelope
Explanation:
By definition, the nuclear envelope is a double layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus.
What sentence best supports the statement that hormones are involved in the regulation of homeostasis?
A.
The hormone oxytocin promotes labor contractions of the uterus during childbirth.
B.
The hormone erythropoeitin increases the production of red blood cells when oxygen levels are low.
C.
The hormone cortisol suppresses the immune system and is produced when the body is under stress.
D.
The hormone melatonin induces sleep and its production is slowed by exposure to light.
Answer:
Answer B: The hormone erythropoietin increases the production of red blood cells when oxygen levels are low best supports the statement that hormones are involved in the regulation of homeostasis.
Explanation:
Homeostasis refers to the ability of the body to maintain a constant internal environment in response to external changes. For example, maintenance of body temperature (37°C in humans), electrolyte and water balance, pH balance etc.
Answer:
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Explanation:
I have a test about metabolism can someone please explain the subject well? Like just give me a explanation of how it works, and some examples or something.
Answer:
Metabolism is the process by which your body converts what you eat and drink into energy. During this complex biochemical process, calories in food and beverages are combined with oxygen to release the energy your body needs to function.There are three basic metabolism types: ectomorph, mesomorph, and endomorph – definitely words you probably don't use in your normal, day-to-day conversations.If your metabolism is "high" (or fast), you will burn more calories at rest and during activity. A high metabolism means you'll need to take in more calories to maintain your weight. That's one reason why some people can eat more than others without gaining weight.
Someone plz help me I have to turn it in ASAP it was due past Thur. PLZ PLZ I’ll appreciate the help PLZ!!!!!!!! I beg u!! ♥️
Answer:okay so I did it it was very fun so here are my results EXPERIMENTAL DATA Before After 24 hours
Color of Starch solution It was a whitish color. Dark, purple, black color. inside bag!Color of Iodine solution A golden color. A transparent creme inside beaker color. Color of starch solution White White inside bag! Color of H20 in beaker TransparentExplanation: Conclusion
The conclusion to this test is that the plastic bag is permeable to iodine. The result
of this experiment clearly answers the "Problem" as stated above. This is~ by
the fact that the starch solution (dependent variable) in the baggie turned purple,
indicating the presence of iodine (independent variable) in the mixture. The starch
solution is the dependent variable because its color is affected by the iodine
solution. M.y hypothesis was that the iodine will get into the bag of starch because
the baggie is permeable to iodine. If the iodine solution penetrates the bag, it will
turn the starch solution inside the baggie, purple. The control data chart above
shows that if the starch had not been immersed in the iodine solution, but rather a
water solution, it would have remained the same color, white. Obviously, in order
for the iodine to enter the starch solution, the baggie must be permeable to the
iodine. The baggie represents a cell membrane. This lab is meant to demonstrate
whether or not a cell membrane is permeable to substances. Cell membranes of
living organisms may be permeable to some substances, but not permeable to other
substances. In this experiment,'1..charted that the iodine solution in the beaker did
not turn purple. This means that the starch solution did not penetrate the baggie
and therefore did not mix with the iodine outside the baggie. Because of this data, it
is clear that the plastic baggie is not permeable to starch, but is permeable to iodine.
In a cell membrane, this is called selective permeability. In other words, the iodine
can go through the baggie, but the starch cannot. The purpose of this experiment is
to show that a cell membrane is a type of barrier, and is permeable to some
substances, but may not be permeable to all substances. Therefore, a cell membrane
is selectively permeable.
Onions are monocots with certain parts adapted for storage. From which of the following plant parts is the main storage structure formed?
taproot
herbaceous stem
ovary of flower
leaf sheaths
Answer: herbaceous stem
Explanation:
The herbaceous stem of onion is edible and it is adapted for storage purpose. It is also called onion bulb. It remains underground and directly obtains nutrients and water from the taproots. The leaf exhibit typical characteristics of monocot plant with parallel venation. The ovary of flower has no role in food storage in plant.
Cells use a molecule called (DNA / RNA / ATP / CMP) to store and release energy like a battery. The energy is stored in chemical bonds between (nucleotide / oxygen / phosphate / ribose) groups of the molecule, and the energy is released when the chemical bonds are broken.
Answer:
Cells use a molecule called ATP to store and release energy like a battery. The energy is stored in chemical bonds between phosphate groups of the molecule, and the energy is released when the chemical bonds are broken.
Explanation:
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) can be though of as a battery. It is also sometimes desribed as the energy currency of the cell. DNA and RNA are nucleic acids - the genetic information of the cell, and does not store and release energy. CMP is a nucleotide.
The energy found in ATP is found stored between phosphate groups of the molecule. When a phosphate group is released, it forms ADP (adenosine diphosphate)
Cells use a molecule called ATP to store and release energy. The energy is stored in chemical bonds between PHOSPHATE groups, and the energy is released when the chemical bonds are broken.
ATP is the energy coin of the cell whose hydrolysis is used to carry out many different metabolic functions (e.g., reproduction, differentiation, growth, etc).
ATP hydrolysis is a catabolic reaction, which provides releasable energy stored in the bonds between the second and third phosphate groups.
The molecule of ATP can transfer its energy to different molecules during many cellular processes such as, for example, DNA replication, active transport, muscle contraction, etc.
In conclusion, cells use a molecule called ATP to store and release energy. The energy is stored in chemical bonds between PHOSPHATE groups, and the energy is released when the chemical bonds are broken.
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Aristotle's ladder of nature, and the Great Chain of Being, were concepts suggesting __________.
a) life evolved on other worlds and was later transported to Earth down a celestial ladder
b) the accurate evolutionary view that all species are related, with each providing an evolutionary link (i.e. step in the ladder) to its immediate ancestor
c) the mystical teleological view that all species were created in a fixed order, from least to most perfect
d) life is a painful and purposeless experience of endless steps, but death brings release from the ladder of life
Answer:
The most correct option is C
Explanation:
Aristotle ladder of nature can be described as an idea (referred to as Scala Naturae) to organize all things (living and non-living) into a "ladder" where organism fits into a "step" on the ladder. He ranked animals higher than plants and plants higher than non-living things (like minerals). Humans were ranked first in his ladder.
The Great chain of Being is also a form of hierarchial ranking (of old christianity) starting from God to angels to humans to animals to plants and then finally to minerals.
These rankings have been suggested in the past by some "radicalists" to mean that all species were created from the simplest to the most complex and perfect which can be loosely translated to mean that all species were created in a fixed order, from least to most perfect
The amount of carbon on this Earth does not change. However, where the carbon is located does change. These locations are referred to as sources and sinks. Sources are areas that add carbon to the atmosphere and sinks are areas that remove carbon from the atmosphere. The sources and the sinks are important to the regulation of green house gasses. Carbon dioxide is one of several green house gasses that keep our planet warm. Too few greenhouse gases in the atmosphere would allow our planet to freeze, too many cause our planet to warm up too much. In the space below describe how humans are disrupting the natural cycle and contributing to the green house gasses in the atmosphere.
Answer:
In this stylized representation of the human-intensified greenhouse effect, human activities, predominantly the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and gas), are increasing levels of carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases, increasing the natural greenhouse effect and thus Earth’s temperature.
Explanation:
One problem that was brought about by human action and is definitely affecting the hydrosphere globally is that of the greenhouse gases (so called because of their heat-trapping “greenhouse” properties) emitted to the atmosphere. Of the greenhouse gases released by anthropogenic activities, carbon dioxide has received much attention.
3.____________________ helps make animal membranes more rigid.
Answer:
Cholesterol helps make animal membranes more rigid.
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(83 points!!)
How did the discovery of chromosomes contribute to the discovery of DNA?
Answer:
His observations that chromosomes double is significant to the later-discovered theory of inheritance. ... His discoveries, known as Chargaff's Rules, proved that guanine and cytosine units, as well as adenine and thymine units, were the same in double-stranded DNA, and he also discovered that DNA varies among species
Explanation:
Discovery of chromosomes leads to significant discovery of DNA.The theory of inheritance gives the productive meaning that DNA exists and varies within the different kinds of species.
PLS HELP ASAP PLS PLS PLS: Is there a connection between the high amount of mineral mines in the western US and the high amount of mountain chains in the western US? If so, what is it?
What are the 2 body systems? (View Image)
Answer:
Immune system, and respiratory system.
Explanation:
Which statement best explains the relationship between producer and consumers in terms of
energy?
A. Consumer produce glucose that producer's use for energy B. Consumers convert carbon dioxide into energy
C. Consumers provide energy for producer to undergo aerobic respiration
D. Consumers convert glucose from producers into ATP
please only reply if you know the answer
Answer:
> Consumers convert glucose from producers into ATP.
Explanation:
Consumers do NOT provide oxygen or glucose for producers.
The statement, consumers convert the glucose from producers into ATP. So the correct option is D.
What are producers and consumers?In feeding chains, organisms are categorized into trophic levels. Producers (first trophic level), consumers (second, third, and fourth trophic levels), and decomposers roughly correspond to these levels.
Autotrophs, another name for producers, grow their own food. Every food chain's first level is comprised of these. Plants or single-celled creatures represent the majority of autotrophs. The majority of autotrophs produce their "food" (a nutrient called glucose) from sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water through a process known as photosynthesis.
The most well-known form of autotroph is a plant, but there are numerous others as well. Algae are autotrophic, and their bigger forms are known as seaweed. Autotrophs include the small sea life known as phytoplankton. Autotrophic bacteria include certain varieties. For instance, microorganisms that live in volcanoes that are still active utilize sulfur compounds to make their own food. Chemosynthesis is the name of this process.
Therefore the correct option is D.
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Commonly known as fat. Forms the subcutaneous layer beneath skin????????
The movement of tectonic plates in two locations is described below:
Location A: Tectonic plates move away from each other
Location B: Tectonic plates collide and one plate moves beneath the other
Which statement is most likely correct?
Magma may rise and form volcanoes in both locations.
There is no chance of earthquakes in the two locations.
Subduction happens in Location A but not in Location B.
Seafloor spreading happens in Location B but not in Location A.
Answer: magma may rise and form in both locations
Explanation:
Answer:
For Which statement is most likely correct? is Magma may rise and form volcanoes in both locations.
I hope it helps you....
please answer me im giving you 50 points !!!
Answer:
A. Their atomic numbers increase by 1 from left to right
Explanation:
If you look on the periodic table, you will notice that the atomic numbers will increase from left to right. The elements are ordered from least to greatest number of protons.
1. Let's suppose that a gene affecting pigmentation is found on the X chromosome (in mammals or insects) or the Z chromosome (in birds) but not on the Y or W chromosome. It is found on an autosome in bees. This gene exists in two alleles, D (dark), which is dominant to d (light). What would be the phenotypic results of crosses between a true-breeding dark female and a true-breeding light male, and the reciprocal crosses involving a true breeding light female and a true-breeding dark male, in the following species
Note: The question is not complete. The following species are:
1. Birds
2. Drosophila
3. Bees
4. Human
Answer and Explanation:
1. BIRDS
Birds have Z-W breeding system, males being ZZ and females being ZW
Cross 1: true-breeding dark female and a true-breeding light male
Parental) ZDW x ZdZd
F1) 1/2 = 50% of the progeny will be dark, ZDZd (males)
1/2 = 50% of the progeny will be light, ZdW (Females)
Cross 2: true-breeding light female and a true-breeding dark male
Parental) ZdW x ZDZD
F1) 100% of the progeny will be dark, ZDZd + ZDW (both sexes)
2. DROSOPHILA
They have the X-Y system, so
Cross 1: true-breeding dark female and a true-breeding light male
Parental) XDXD x XdY
F1) 100% of the progeny will be dark, XDXd + XDY
Cross 2: true-breeding light female and a true-breeding dark male
Parental) XdXd x XDY
F1) 50% of the progeny will be dark, XDXd (Females)
50% of the progeny will be light, XdY (Males)
3. BEES
Haplo-diploid system
Cross 1: true-breeding dark female and a true-breeding light male
Parental) DD x d
F1) 100% Dark individuals
Cross 2: true-breeding light female and a true-breeding dark male
Parental) dd x D
F1) 50% of the progeny will be dark, Dd (females)
50% of the progeny will be light, d (males)
4. HUMAN
X-Y System
Cross 1: true-breeding dark female and a true-breeding light male
Parental) XDXD x XdY
F1) 100 % of the progeny will be dark, XDXd + XDY
Cross 2: true-breeding light female and a true-breeding dark male
Parental) XdXd x XDY
F1) 50% of the progeny will be dark, XDXd
50% of the progeny will be light, XdY
Cells that have their own unique structures and functions are _____.
prokaryotes
eukaryotes
specialized cells
unicellular
Answer:
Specialized cells because they preform a specific function
While visiting Wave Rock in Australia, you observe streaks of minerals present on the landform. What natural process most likely caused the streaking?
The answer is deposition
Answer:
Deposition would have most likely caused the streaking.
Explanation:
Deposition is the laying down of sediment carried by wind, water, or ice. Sediment can be transported as pebbles, sand & mud, or as salts dissolved in water. Salts may later be deposited by organic activity or by evaporation.
One example of deposition is the process by which, in sub-freezing air, water vapor changes directly to ice without first becoming a liquid. This causes the water vapor to change directly into a solid. Another example is the soot that is deposited on the walls of chimneys.
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2: Deoxyribonucleic acid is described in paragraph 2. which of the following statements about DNA are true?
A: The information in DNA code is the basis of every organism’s inheritance
B: The information held within the DNA molecule is first transcribed to an RNA molecule
C: Segments of DNA, called genes, hold information required for creating the proteins that make all biological functions possible
D: All of the above
Answer:
D: All of the above. A, B, & C
What is the answer :(
Answer:
D
Explanation:
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Explain why it is important to consider the role of humans when we learn about environmental science.
Answer: When you study environmental science, you commit to learning of accomplish important tasks for our Earth and our human population.
Explanation: Hope this helps! :)
a series of organs responsible for taking in oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide
Answer:
Your answer is Respiratory System
Explanation:
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Proteins that are going to be processed and secreted from a cell on the rough endoplasmic reticulum are produced by:
A)ribosomes.
B)cisternal spaces.
C)transport vesicles.
D)reticulum.
When you stir cream into your coffee, the cream is the solute and the
coffee is the solvent. *
True
False
Answer:
True
Explanation:
The sugar you add to a cup of coffee is known as the solute. When this solute is added to the liquid, which is termed the solvent, the dissolving process begins. The sugar molecules separate and diffuse or spread evenly throughout the solvent particles, creating a homogeneous mixture called a solution.
HELLPPPP!!!! 12 POINTS
Answer: Fluffing of feathers, a bird traps air to hold in body heat and keep out the effects of cold. During hot weather, the bird presses its feathers towards the body to eliminate the insulating air. It allows body heat to escape
Explanation: Homeostasis
Answer:A
Explanation:
What is the mass, volume, density, and substance for Block A: What is the mass, volume, density, and substance for Block B:
Answer:here the symbol M stands for the mass of the object, and V the volume. Density has the units of mass divided by volume such as grams per centimeters cube (g/cm3) or kilograms per liter (kg/l). A block of wood has a mass of 8 g and occupies a volume of 10 cm3.
Explanation:
What type of bond holds amino acids together?
Answer:
peptide bonds
Explanation: